ハンガリーの科学研究は過渡期にあるが、政府は今後も、能力を適正に評価して資金を分配するという原則を維持していくべきだ。
Worrying changes in Hungary p.485
The European country’s autocratic government has made a disturbing grab at the nation’s scientific institutions.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05526-x
The European country’s autocratic government has made a disturbing grab at the nation’s scientific institutions.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05526-x
Researchers in some Asian economies are working to address the distinct needs of their communities.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05524-z
A reflection as the seventh editor-in-chief of Nature hands over to the eighth.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05525-y
A hurricane-hunter plane and research ships aim to gather the most-detailed observations yet of ‘intraseasonal’ variations in rainfall.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05492-4
Trump puts tariffs on Chinese technology and China retaliates with taxes on US chemicals.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05521-2
Hayabusa-2 will hover above its target and release four landing probes before touching down to collect samples to return to Earth.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05544-9
Latest study suggests that emissions of the potent greenhouse gas could be coming from faulty equipment.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05517-y
Engineered strains of E. coli and other microbes are being tested in people to combat a slew of illnesses.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05476-4
香港、マレーシア、シンガポール、韓国、台湾の成長著しい科学研究の状況について紹介する。
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05504-3
5つのハブでは、研究開発への重点的な投資が確実に成長につながっている。
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05505-2
AIから感染症まで、世界の舞台で大きなインパクトをもたらしている10人の東アジアの科学者たちを紹介する。
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05506-1
今回、火星からの隕石物質の分析によって、火星初期の歴史の正確なタイムラインが得られた。この結果は、岩石惑星の形成に関与する過程の解明に大きな影響を及ぼす。
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05496-0
酵素PI3Kの異常な活性は、がんの増殖を促進することがあり、PI3Kサブユニットの変異は非がん性過成長につながることがある。今回、PI3Kを阻害する抗がん剤が、こうした過成長を劇的に抑制することが分かった。
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05365-w
今回、金属表面に直立した分子が、印加電場の存在下で電子を放出することが分かった。放出された電子は、古典的な物理実験によく似た干渉パターンを作る。
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05502-5
膵臓がんでは、体重減少と組織消耗が生じることが多い。今回、ヒトとマウスのデータを解析して、こうした事象の背後にある機構が明らかになり、組織の消耗ががん生存率に影響を及ぼすかどうかに疑問が生じている。
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05424-2
世界中の全ての人々がたった六次の隔たりでつながっているという考えは、20年前に「スモールワールド」ネットワークモデルによって説明された。当初は限定的なものと思われたこの知見は、後に広範な分野に大きく影響することが明らかになり、学際的分野としてのネットワーク科学の確立につながった。
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05444-y
Gタンパク質共役受容体は、さまざまなタイプのGタンパク質を活性化して、多様なシグナル伝達経路を活性化する。今回、4種類の受容体–Gタンパク質複合体の構造によって、この選択性が浮き彫りになった。
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05503-4
Because climate change is expected to intensify regional-scale droughts, it is important to identify the physiological thresholds that precipitate the mortality of trees and the mechanisms of recovery after drought.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0240-x
A PI3KCA inhibitor reverses symptoms in a mouse model of PROS/CLOVES syndrome, which results from gain-of-function mutations in PI3KCA, and produces improvements in patients with PROS/CLOVES syndrome.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0217-9
A cryo-electron structure of the µ-opioid receptor in complex with the peptide agonist DAMGO and the inhibitory G protein Gi reveals structural determinants of its G protein-binding specificity.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0219-7
The cryo-electron microscopy structure of human rhodopsin bound to the inhibitory Gi protein-coupled receptor provides insights into ligand–receptor–G-protein interactions.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0215-y
The cryo-electron microscopy structure of the human adenosine A1 receptor in complex with adenosine and heterotrimeric Gi2 protein provides molecular insights into receptor and G-protein selectivity.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0236-6
The detection of complex organic molecules with masses higher than 200 atomic mass units in ice grains emitted from Enceladus indicates the presence of a thin organic-rich layer on top of the moon’s subsurface ocean.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0246-4
One-way propagation of light through a standard telecommunications fibre is demonstrated by coupling the fibre to a rapidly rotating silica-glass sphere.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0245-5
Precision control over matter at the atomic scale enables a planar dye molecule to be lifted up and placed on its edge—a configuration that is surprisingly stable.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0223-y
Machine-learning algorithms are used to generate single-particle three-dimensional reconstructions, revealing that highly symmetrical dodecahedral silica cages, around 10 nm in size, self-assemble in the presence of surfactant micelles.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0221-0
Remote, enantioselective C–H activation reactions can be achieved by relaying ortho-C–H activation to the meta position, using a chiral norbornene as the mediator.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0220-1
Isotopic compositions of ancient zircons from the NWA 7034 Martian meteorite suggest that Mars must have formed its primordial crust extremely swiftly, less than 20 million years after the formation of the Solar System.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0222-z
In the midbrain defensive circuit, the decision to escape is computed by an unreliable synaptic connection that thresholds threat information integrated in the medial superior colliculus, and controls activation of dorsal periaqueductal grey neurons.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0244-6
An analysis based on functional metagenomics reveals a previously unknown group of microbial light-sensory rhodopsins that are widespread among a diverse range of microorganisms.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0225-9
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in mice induces loss of adipose tissue through altered function of the exocrine pancreas, and supplementing pancreatic enzymes attenuates the wasting of peripheral tissues induced by pancreatic cancer.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0235-7
Enzymes that catalyse modifications of wobble uridine 34 tRNA are essential for the survival of melanoma cells that rely on HIF1α-dependent metabolism through codon-dependent regulation of the translation of HIF1A mRNA.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0243-7
Viperin inhibits the replication of various viruses by catalysing the conversion of CTP to ddhCTP, which is a unique nucleotide that functions as replication-chain terminator of RNA-dependent RNA polymerases.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0238-4
In Schizosaccharomyces pombe, histone H3K9 methylation acts synergistically with short interfering RNA to perpetuate gene silencing during multiple mitotic and meiotic cell divisions.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0239-3
The high-resolution structure of the serotonin 5-HT1B receptor in complex with the agonist donitriptan and a Go heterotrimer highlights features that may underly the specificity of receptor–G-protein coupling and kinetics of signalling.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0241-9