Accidental overdoses from combinations of painkillers and tranquillizers highlight the importance of understanding fundamental biology.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05578-z
It’s time researchers got to grips with the formidable challenge of rapidly growing urbanization.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05605-z
Magdalena Skipper explains what readers can expect from the journal under her stewardship.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05606-y
Early results from birth-cohort have public-health implications, as other groups use the data to investigate the microbiome and mental health.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05522-1
Death rates in later life flatten out and suggest there may be no fixed limit on human longevity, countering some previous work.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05582-3
Proposed science institute will focus on the Mediterranean and Middle East, regions that will be hard hit by global warming.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05528-9
The James Webb Space Telescope won't launch until 2021 — and threatens to crowd out other big astronomy missions.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05567-2
The practice of conducting ethically dubious research in foreign countries is under fresh scrutiny.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05616-w
新しい技術のおかげで、ヒトの胚発生の最初期段階について、「14日ルール」の限界ギリギリまで明らかになってきている。
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05586-z
山地の侵食は、気候が寒冷化し氷河が発達したため過去数百万年にわたって全球的に加速したと考えられている。今回、データが再評価され、この加速は一部の地域のみに限られていたことが示唆された。
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05563-6
今回、核内のDNA切断部位に重合アクチンがモータータンパク質によって集まり、DNAの移動と修復を助けることが分かった。この知見は、ゲノムの完全性の維持を助けるまた別の調節系の存在を明らかにしている。
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05339-y
GABAA受容体と呼ばれるタンパク質は、ニューロンを抑制する極めて重要な役割があり、いくつかの薬剤の標的となっている。今回、ヒトにおいて最も豊富なGABAA受容体の構造が報告された。これは、将来の創薬に役立つ。
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05538-7
社会からの孤立が続くと、その影響でヒトなどの社会的な哺乳類は衰弱する。今回マウスの研究で、社会的に孤立した個体の脳全体ではTac2遺伝子の発現が亢進していて、これによって行動が大きく変化することが示された。
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05447-9
アインシュタインの重力理論（一般相対性理論）は、あらゆる物体が外部重力場中で同じように加速するという原理に基づいている。今回、三重星系の観測によって、この原理が厳密に検証された。
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05549-4
脂肪組織の幹細胞や前駆細胞の単一細胞転写プロファイリングによって、異なる細胞亜集団が識別され、その1つが隣接細胞へのシグナル伝達によって脂肪組織の増大を抑制することが分かった。
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05120-1
生物工学によって作られた心臓弁の移植は、心臓弁膜症の有望な治療法であるが、移植後に機械的な故障が生じることが多い。今回、当初の弁設計のコンピューターモデル化によって、ヒツジにおいて移植心臓弁の性能が改善された。
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05566-3
High-resolution structural studies of GPCRs have led to insights into the role of allostery in GPCR-mediated signal transduction.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0259-z
Relocalization of heterochromatic double-strand breaks to the nuclear periphery in Drosophila cells occurs via directed motions driven by nuclear actin filaments and myosins activated by the Smc5/6 complex.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0242-8
Polymerization of actin in the cell nucleus, promoted by the ARP2/3 complex, drives the clustering of double-strand DNA breaks into nuclear compartments where they can undergo homology-directed repair.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0237-5
The cryo-electron microscopy structure of the type A GABA receptor bound to GABA and the benzodiazepine site antagonist flumazenil reveals structural mechanisms that underlie intersubunit interactions and ligand selectivity of the receptor.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0255-3
The accelerations of a pulsar and a white dwarf in a three-star system differ by at most a few parts per million, providing a much improved constraint on the universality of free fall.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0265-1
By infusing a ferrofluid into a microstructured matrix and applying a magnetic field, dynamic, multiscale topographical reconfigurations emerge, enabling functions such as colloidal self-assembly, switchable adhesion and friction, and biofilm removal.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0250-8
The synergistic combination of copper catalysis and photoredox catalysis forms sp3 C–N bonds in a rapid, room-temperature coupling protocol with high efficiencies and regioselectivities and a broad substrate scope.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0234-8
Reported acceleration of erosion in mountainous landscapes during the late Cenozoic is the result of combining thermochronology data with disparate exhumation histories, thereby converting spatial variations in erosion rates into temporal increases.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0260-6
Thermobarometry and diffusion modelling in quartz crystals show that some granites may crystallize at much lower temperatures than we had thought, possibly explaining observations of cold magma storage.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0264-2
Adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus confers resilience to chronic stress in mice by inhibiting the activity of mature granule cells in the ventral dentate gyrus.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0262-4
Single-cell transcriptomics reveals that, in mice and humans, a population of cells in the stromal vascular fraction of adipose tissue regulates adipogenesis by suppressing adipocyte formation in a paracrine manner.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0226-8
Larvae of the parasitic helminth Heligmosomoides polygyrus induce granuloma formation and a fetal-like developmental program in granuloma-associated crypts of infected adult mice.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0257-1
The microRNAs miR-221 and miR-222 regulate the reprogramming of macrophages during the development of lipopolysaccharide tolerance, and increased expression of these microRNAs is associated with immunosuppression and poor prognosis in patients with sepsis.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0253-5
OTULIN, which removes ubiquitin chains deposited by LUBAC, promotes LUBAC activity by preventing its auto-ubiquitination, thereby supporting normal mouse embryo development and preventing pro-inflammatory cell death in adult mice.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0256-2
A new mechanism of acquired clinical resistance in two patients with acute myeloid leukaemia driven by mutant IDH2 is described, in which a second-site mutation on the wild-type allele induces therapeutic resistance to IDH2 inhibitors.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0251-7
The helicase Ded1p associates with the pre-initiation complex and influences translation from near-cognate initiation codons by controlling the levels of mRNA secondary structure in 5′ untranslated regions.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0258-0
Structural studies show that conserved residues in Plasmodium vivax reticulocyte-binding protein 2b determine interactions with transferrin receptor 1 that are essential for host invasion, suggesting avenues for designing vaccines that work across P. vivax strains.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0249-1
