Editorials
As a commendable European law on personal data comes into force, the research community must not let excessive caution about data sharing, however understandable, become the default position.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05220-y
An updated estimate of the economic damage of climate change makes a strong financial case for urgent action on greenhouse-gas emissions.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05219-5
Electric cars are gaining ground fast but face fossil-fuel favouritism in the showroom.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05218-6
News
International health organizations are in discussions with the Democratic Republic of Congo about how and whether to deploy treatments in addition to a vaccine.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05205-x
The government’s proposals include stricter rules, and tougher penalties for researchers who break existing ones.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05001-7
Scientists scramble to analyse data from Kilauea, which shot ash 9 kilometres into the atmosphere.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05206-w
Queqiao probe will act as relay station for a future lunar lander, and carries two radio-astronomy experiments that will explore the early Universe.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05231-9
Sweden is latest country to hold out on journal subscriptions, while negotiators share tactics to broker new deals with publishers.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05191-0
News Features
The intestinal microbiome seems to influence how well some cancer drugs work. But is the science ripe for clinical trials?
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05208-8
News & Views
Radio waves produced by cosmic lighthouses called pulsars are distorted by surrounding material. Observations show that this material can act as a lens, focusing the waves and boosting the brightness of the pulsar.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05185-y
The identification of genetic mutations that can hinder the development of human limbs has led to the discovery of an unanticipated mode of regulation for the WNT signalling pathway during limb development.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-04820-y
An innovative computational analysis of factors that might have influenced human brain evolution suggests that ecological, rather than social, factors had a key role in the evolution of large, rapidly developing brains.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05197-8
A study finds that meeting climate-change mitigation targets will lead to a substantial reduction in economic damages. Here, economists present opposing views on the approach used by studies such as this one.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05198-7
Several neurodegenerative disorders are linked to the build-up of abnormal α-synuclein protein in distinct cell types. It emerges that differing intracellular factors dictate the properties of this protein in each cell type.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-04988-3
Mutations in the gene KDM6A drive an aggressive subtype of pancreatic cancer by causing repositioning of an enzyme complex that modifies histone proteins associated with DNA, leading to altered gene expression.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05129-6
Excitations called plasmons have the potential to miniaturize photonic devices, but are often short-lived. Microscopy reveals that plasmons in the material graphene can overcome this limitation at low temperatures.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05190-1
Letters
Radiation from the ‘black widow’ pulsar B1957+20 is amplified when a companion brown dwarf passes in front of the source, suggesting that plasma flowing from the companion acts as a lens.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0133-z
The optical transmission spectrum for the ‘hot Saturn’ exoplanet WASP-96b reveals a clear atmosphere, an atmospheric sodium abundance and hence its metallicity, which is consistent with the metallicity trend observed in Solar System planets and exoplanets.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0101-7
The fundamental limits to plasmon damping in graphene are determined using nanoscale infrared imaging at cryogenic temperatures, and plasmon polaritons are observed to propagate over 10 micrometres in high-mobility encapsulated graphene.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0136-9
An optimal computationally efficient solution to the problem of finding the minimum taxi fleet size using a vehicle-sharing network is presented.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0095-1
Liquid crystals are used to self-report and self-regulate either continuous or transient release of droplets or microparticles trapped within them in response to thermal, chemical, mechanical or biological stimuli.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0098-y
The use of triple-oxygen-isotope data from continental shales spanning the past 3.7 billion years suggests that continental crust with near-modern average elevation and extent emerged about 2.5 billion years ago.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0131-1
If the world can meet the target of limiting global warming to 1.5 °C, economic damage will probably be greatly reduced, especially in poorer countries.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0071-9
Using estimates of metabolic costs of the brain and body, mathematical predictions suggest that the evolution of adult Homo sapiens-sized brains and bodies is driven by ecological rather than social challenges and is perhaps strongly promoted by culture.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0127-x
Distinct strains of misfolded α-synuclein proteins, which aggregate in neurons in Lewy body diseases or in oligodendrocytes in multiple system atrophy, are formed as a consequence of differences between intracellular environments.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0104-4
Independently of the LGR4/5/6 receptors, RSPO2 acts as a direct antagonistic ligand to RNF43 and ZNRF3 during embryogenesis, and specifies the position and number of limbs that an embryo should form.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0118-y
The cell adhesion molecule Mxra8 is identified as a receptor for multiple arthritogenic alphaviruses such as chikungunya virus, and anti-Mxra8 monoclonal antibodies are shown to reduce rates of chikungunya virus infection in mice and a range of human cells.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0121-3
Human lung and colorectal tumours contain a population of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes that are specific for tumour-unrelated antigens and, unlike tumour-antigen-specific tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes, do not express CD39.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0130-2
Microbial signals are crucial to the development of pre-leukaemic myeloproliferation, which can be induced by disrupting the intestinal barrier or by introducing systemic bacterial stimuli in Tet2-deficient mice.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0125-z
In response to amino acid stimulation, the ubiquitin E3 ligase CUL3–KLHL22 promotes the activation of mTORC1, which may drive tumour growth in breast cancer.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0128-9
Crystal structures and molecular dynamics simulations of voltage-gated sodium channels containing mutations that cause hypokalaemic and normokalaemic periodic paralysis indicate the pathogenic mechanisms of these conditions and suggest a target for the design of potential therapeutic and symptomatic drugs.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0120-4
Articles
A large-scale mutagenesis screen identifies mutant phenotypes for over 11,000 protein-coding genes in bacteria that had previously not been assigned a specific function.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0124-0
ANKRD16 attenuates neurodegeneration induced by a mutation in the editing domain of alanyl tRNA synthetase by directly accepting mis-activated serine from the synthetase before transfer to the tRNA, establishing a new mechanism by which editing defects are prevented.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0137-8
The chromatin remodelling protein CHR2 interacts with Serrate in Arabidopsis to regulate microRNA biogenesis.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0135-x
