2017년3월30일

전호 다음 호

리서치 하이라이트

컨텐츠

Editorials
News
News Features
News & Views
Reviews
Articles
Letters

Editorials

Forensics: Germany considers wider use of DNA evidence in criminal cases p.589

The country may lift its ban on the analysis of gene-coding regions in DNA samples.

doi: 10.1038/543589b

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Trump’s pipeline permit is bad for both the US economy and the environment p.589

The US president’s approval of a controversial oil pipeline offers a disturbing glimpse of the future. But he will struggle to get things all his own way.

doi: 10.1038/543589a

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An early start on tackling childhood cancers p.590

The most vulnerable cancer patients are drawing the attention they deserve.

doi: 10.1038/543590a

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News

Battle between quantum and thermodynamic laws heats up p.597

Physicists try to rebuild the laws of heat and energy for processes at a quantum scale.

doi: 10.1038/543597a

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Canada budget falls flat with scientists p.598

Emphasis on innovation overshadowed by funding freeze for key research councils.

doi: 10.1038/nature.2017.21699

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Gates Foundation announces open-access publishing venture p.599

Global health charity is latest funder to start its own publishing ‘channel’ — and the European Commission is considering its own service.

doi: 10.1038/nature.2017.21700

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How Brexit is changing the lives of eight researchers p.600

The months between the Brexit vote and this week's triggering of Article 50 have been a turbulent time for scientists — and things show no sign of calming.

doi: 10.1038/nature.2017.21714

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Biological underpinnings of chronic fatigue syndrome begin to emerge p.602

Gut bacteria and altered metabolic pathways are suspects in mysterious disease.

doi: 10.1038/543602a

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News Features

How giant marine reptiles terrorized the ancient seas p.603

Ichthyosaurs were some of the largest and most mysterious predators to ever prowl the oceans. Now they are giving up their secrets.

doi: 10.1038/543603a

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Cruel fusion: What a young man’s death means for childhood cancer p.608

Epigenetic discoveries are fuelling renewed interest in the fusion proteins that have bedevilled cancer biologists.

doi: 10.1038/543608a

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News & Views

Tumour stem-cell surprises p.626

Stem-cell divisions are thought to be essential to tumour growth. Targeted removal of a specific stem-cell population reveals its role in tumour development and in the growth of tumours formed by cell migration to distant sites. See Article p.676

doi: 10.1038/543626a

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Making iron glow p.627

An iron complex has been made that has a long-lived excited state and emits light at room temperature as a result of a charge-transfer process. This breakthrough might allow the production of cheap solar cells. See Letter p.695

doi: 10.1038/543627a

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Forty years of cellular clues from worms p.628

The cell divisions that occur when a larva develops into an adult Caenorhabditis elegans worm were described in a cell-lineage map in 1977. The work has provided the foundation for many discoveries about developmental mechanisms.

doi: 10.1038/543628a

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How to heal an ocean p.630

Marine protected areas are being implemented at an accelerating pace, and hold promise for restoring damaged ecosystems. But glaring shortfalls in staffing and funding often lead to suboptimal outcomes. See Article p.665

doi: 10.1038/nature21895

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Auditory landscape on the cognitive map p.631

Subpopulations of neurons fire at specific geographical locations, providing a mental map of an animal's position in space. The finding that the circuitry can also support auditory maps sheds light on the neuronal structure of cognition. See Letter p.719

doi: 10.1038/543631a

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Eating ourselves dry p.633

Do human consumption habits affect groundwater depletion as a result of international food trade? A global analysis indicates that they do, and shows which products and countries have the biggest impact. See Letter p.700

doi: 10.1038/543633a

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The leukaemia epigenome targeted p.634

Modification of methyl groups attached to DNA alters gene expression, and mutations that deregulate this methylation are common in some leukaemias. Drugs that target aberrant methylation are emerging as promising therapeutics.

doi: 10.1038/543634a

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Reckless orbiting in the Solar System p.635

Planets and most asteroids revolve around the Sun in the same direction. But an asteroid that shares Jupiter's orbit has been revolving in the opposite direction for about a million years. See Letter p.687

doi: 10.1038/543635a

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Reviews

Exploiting non-covalent π interactions for catalyst design p.637

doi: 10.1038/nature21701

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Using coherence to enhance function in chemical and biophysical systems p.647

doi: 10.1038/nature21425

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Articles

Functional materials discovery using energy–structure–function maps p.657

Energy–structure–function maps that describe the possible structures and properties of molecular crystals are developed, and these maps are used to guide the experimental discovery of porous materials with specific functions.

doi: 10.1038/nature21419

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Capacity shortfalls hinder the performance of marine protected areas globally p.665

Although 71% of marine protected areas are benefiting fish populations, their effects are highly variable, with staff capacity proving to be the most important explanatory variable.

doi: 10.1038/nature21708

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Neural ensemble dynamics underlying a long-term associative memory p.670

Use of a head-mounted miniature microscope in awake, behaving mice reveals that neural ensembles in the basal and lateral amygdala encode associations between conditioned and unconditioned stimuli in a way that matches models of supervised learning.

doi: 10.1038/nature21682

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A distinct role for Lgr5+ stem cells in primary and metastatic colon cancer p.676

Ablation of Lgr5⁺ cancer stem cells does not result in regression of primary colorectal tumours, but prevents the formation and maintenance of metastasis in the liver.

doi: 10.1038/nature21713

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LACTB is a tumour suppressor that modulates lipid metabolism and cell state p.681

LACTB modulates mitochondrial lipid metabolism and changes the differentiation state of breast cancer cells, thereby negatively affecting the growth of various tumorigenic, but not non-tumorigenic, cells both in vitro and in vivo.

doi: 10.1038/nature21408

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Letters

A retrograde co-orbital asteroid of Jupiter p.687

Asteroid 2015 BZ₅₀₉ is a retrograde co-orbital asteroid of the planet Jupiter, stably orbiting in a sense opposite to that of Jupiter’s orbit around the Sun for around a million years.

doi: 10.1038/nature22029

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Ultra-selective high-flux membranes from directly synthesized zeolite nanosheets p.690

A direct synthesis of high-aspect-ratio microporous zeolite nanosheets and the use of such nanosheets in separation membranes are described.

doi: 10.1038/nature21421

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A low-spin Fe(iii) complex with 100-ps ligand-to-metal charge transfer photoluminescence p.695

Transition-metal complexes are used as photosensitizers, in light-emitting diodes, for biosensing and in photocatalysis. A key feature in these applications is excitation from the ground state to a charge-transfer state; the long charge-transfer-state lifetimes typical for complexes of ruthenium and other precious metals are often essential to ensure high performance. There is much interest in replacing these scarce elements with Earth-abundant metals, with iron and copper being particularly attractive owing to their low cost and non-toxicity. But despite the exploration of innovative molecular designs, it remains a formidable scientific challenge to access Earth-abundant transition-metal complexes with long-lived charge-transfer excited states. No known iron complexes are considered photoluminescent at room temperature, and their rapid excited-state deactivation precludes their use as photosensitizers. Here we present the iron complex [Fe(btz)₃]3+ (where btz is 3,3′-dimethyl-1,1′-bis(p-tolyl)-4,4′-bis(1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidene)), and show that the superior σ-donor and π-acceptor electron properties of the ligand stabilize the excited state sufficiently to realize a long charge-transfer lifetime of 100 picoseconds (ps) and room-temperature photoluminescence. This species is a low-spin Fe(iii) d5 complex, and emission occurs from a long-lived doublet ligand-to-metal charge-transfer (2LMCT) state that is rarely seen for transition-metal complexes. The absence of intersystem crossing, which often gives rise to large excited-state energy losses in transition-metal complexes, enables the observation of spin-allowed emission directly to the ground state and could be exploited as an increased driving force in photochemical reactions on surfaces. These findings suggest that appropriate design strategies can deliver new iron-based materials for use as light emitters and photosensitizers.

doi: 10.1038/nature21430

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Groundwater depletion embedded in international food trade p.700

Global food consumption drives irrigation for crops, which depletes aquifers in some regions; here we quantify the volumes of groundwater depletion associated with global food production and international trade.

doi: 10.1038/nature21403

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Transboundary health impacts of transported global air pollution and international trade p.705

The transboundary health impacts of air pollution associated with the international trade of goods and services are greater than those associated with long-distance atmospheric pollutant transport.

doi: 10.1038/nature21712

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The true tempo of evolutionary radiation and decline revealed on the Hawaiian archipelago p.710

A geologically informed model of the relationship between changing island area and species richness for the Hawaiian archipelago reveals the rates of species richness change for 14 endemic groups over their entire evolutionary histories without the need for fossil data or molecular phylogenies.

doi: 10.1038/nature21675

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Somatic mutations reveal asymmetric cellular dynamics in the early human embryo p.714

Whole-genome sequencing of normal blood cells sampled from 241 adults is used to infer mosaic point mutations that are likely to have arisen during early embryogenesis, providing insight into how early cellular dynamics may affect adult tissues.

doi: 10.1038/nature21703

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Mapping of a non-spatial dimension by the hippocampal–entorhinal circuit p.719

Cells in the hippocampal–entorhinal circuit, which fire in response to navigational variables such as location or speed, are shown also to encode continuous, task-relevant but non-spatial variables such as sound frequency.

doi: 10.1038/nature21692

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Antigen presentation profiling reveals recognition of lymphoma immunoglobulin neoantigens p.723

Evidence for the abundant presentation of class II neoantigens by a human B-cell lymphoma.

doi: 10.1038/nature21433

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Effective combinatorial immunotherapy for castration-resistant prostate cancer p.728

A new chimaeric mouse model of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer to efficiently test combination therapies in an autochthonous setting.

doi: 10.1038/nature21676

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The allosteric inhibitor ABL001 enables dual targeting of BCR–ABL1 p.733

The selective allosteric ABL1 inhibitor ABL001 (asciminib) represents a new inhibitory mechanism for BCR–ABL1-driven malignancies, and its efficacy and evolving mechanisms of resistance do not overlap with those of other BCR–ABL1 kinase inhibitors.

doi: 10.1038/nature21702

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Energy transduction and alternating access of the mammalian ABC transporter P-glycoprotein p.738

Double electron–electron resonance and computer simulations are used to describe conformational dynamics in the ATP-binding cassette transporter Pgp, which has an important role in the clearance of xenobiotics and cancer resistance to chemotherapy.

doi: 10.1038/nature21414

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