A secure future p.127
Research advances mean that the time is ripe to ratify the ban on testing nuclear weapons.doi: 10.1038/529127b
Volume 529 Issue 7585
리서치 하이라이트
표지 기사： 다공성 베타 사이클로덱스트린 폴리머를 통한 신속한 미세 오염물질 제거
식물 형태 및 기능에 대한 글로벌 스펙트럼
암세포에서 ID2-의존형 메커니즘에 의한 VHL 불활성화
소형, 별 형성 난장이 은하계에서8% 부족한 리만 연속체 광자
비정상적으로 빠른 오래된 별의 자전의 기원이 되는 약화된 자기 제동 현상
2차원 재료에서 전자장 효과를 통한 다중체 상태 조절
전세계적으로 일정한 상태를 유지하고 있는 식물의 기능적 특성
음식물에 따른 장내 미생물 군집의 생성 및 멸종
혈관 내피 세포 증식에 관여하는 FOXO1 대사 활성
터프트 세포 유래 IL-25에 의한 ILC2 상피 세포 반응 메커니즘 조절
컨텐츠
Editorials
Solving the drink problem p.127
The United Kingdom's new guidelines on alcohol consumption are a sound example of evidence-based policymaking.doi: 10.1038/529127a
Three new Nature journals p.128
doi: 10.1038/529128a
News
Vietnam begins huge effort to identify war dead p.135
World’s largest systematic identification project will use smart DNA-testing technology.doi: 10.1038/529135a
Taiwan’s SARS hero poised to be vice-president p.136
Epidemiologist who spearheaded response to outbreak is a popular choice.doi: 10.1038/529136a
Hunt for Ebola’s wild hideout takes off as epidemic wanes p.138
Researchers aim to prevent recurrences by finding the virus’s natural host.doi: 10.1038/529138a
Rebooted Kepler spacecraft hauls in the planets p.139
Fresh worlds found by K2 mission push beyond original discoveries.doi: 10.1038/nature.2016.19126
Nuclear rumours delay India’s bid for neutrino glory p.140
Rumours frustrate physicists in a global competition to understand elusive particles.doi: 10.1038/529140a
News Features
Trouble in Tibet p.142
Rapid changes in Tibetan grasslands are threatening Asia's main water supply and the livelihood of nomads.doi: 10.1038/529142a
Why boredom is anything but boring p.146
Implicated in everything from traumatic brain injury to learning ability, boredom has become extremely interesting to scientists.doi: 10.1038/529146a
News & Views
Fibre for the future p.158
A chronic lack of dietary fibre has been found to reduce the diversity of bacteria in the guts of mice. This effect is not fully reversed when fibre is reintroduced, and increases in severity over multiple generations. See Letter p.212doi: 10.1038/529158a
Photons from dwarf galaxy zap hydrogen p.159
The detection of photons sufficiently energetic to ionize neutral hydrogen, coming from a compact, star-forming galaxy, offers clues to how the first generation of galaxies may have reionized hydrogen gas in the early Universe. See Letter p.178doi: 10.1038/529159a
Transcriptional control of endothelial energy p.160
The formation of blood vessels requires rapid proliferation of endothelial cells. The transcription factors FOXO1 and MYC have been found to regulate the metabolism and proliferation of vascular endothelial cells. See Letter p.216doi: 10.1038/nature16866
Earth's narrow escape from a big freeze p.162
An equation has been derived that allows the timing of the onset of glaciations to be predicted. This confirms that Earth has just missed entering a new glacial period, and is unlikely to enter one for another 50,000 years. See Letter p.200doi: 10.1038/529162a
A trail map for trait-based studies p.163
Global assessments of variation in plant functional traits and the way that these traits influence competitive interactions provide a launching pad for future ecological studies. See Article p.167 & Letter p.204doi: 10.1038/nature16862
Pull out the stops for plasticity p.164
The strength of synaptic connections between neurons needs to be variable, but not too much so. Evidence now indicates that regulation of such synaptic plasticity involves a complex cascade of feedback loops.doi: 10.1038/529164a
Articles
The global spectrum of plant form and function p.167
The authors found that the key elements of plant form and function, analysed at global scale, are largely concentrated into a two-dimensional plane indexed by the size of whole plants and organs on the one hand, and the construction costs for photosynthetic leaf area, on the other.doi: 10.1038/nature16489
An ID2-dependent mechanism for VHL inactivation in cancer p.172
HIFα transcription factors are highly expressed in cancer stem cells from glioma; DYRK1 kinases inhibit the protein ID2 to modulate the level of HIF2α and the tumorigenic properties of glioblastoma-associated cancer stem cells.doi: 10.1038/nature16475
Letters
Eight per cent leakage of Lyman continuum photons from a compact, star-forming dwarf galaxy p.178
Far-ultraviolet observations of the nearby low-mass star-forming galaxy J0925+1403 show that the galaxy is leaking ionizing radiation with an escape fraction of about 8 per cent, which is sufficient to ionize intergalactic medium material that is about 40 times as massive as the stellar mass of the galaxy.doi: 10.1038/nature16456
Weakened magnetic braking as the origin of anomalously rapid rotation in old field stars p.181
The age of a young to middle-aged star can be determined from how quickly or slowly it rotates, but the relationship breaks down for old stars; models now show that old stars are rotating much more quickly than expected, perhaps because magnetic winds are weaker and therefore brake the rotation less effectively.doi: 10.1038/nature16168
Controlling many-body states by the electric-field effect in a two-dimensional material p.185
To be able to control the properties of a system that has strong electron–electron interactions using only an external electric field would be ideal, but the material must be thin enough to avoid shielding of the electric field in the bulk material; here pure electric-field control of the charge-density wave and superconductivity transition temperatures is achieved by electrolyte gating through an electric-field double layer transistor in the two-dimensional material 1T-TiSe2.doi: 10.1038/nature16175
Rapid removal of organic micropollutants from water by a porous β-cyclodextrin polymer p.190
The global occurrence in water resources of organic micropollutants, such as pesticides and pharmaceuticals, has raised concerns about potential negative effects on aquatic ecosystems and human health
doi: 10.1038/nature16185
Iron-catalysed tritiation of pharmaceuticals p.195
An iron-catalysed method for the direct 3H labelling of pharmaceuticals by hydrogen isotope exchange using tritium gas is reported; the site selectivity of the iron catalyst is orthogonal to currently used iridium catalysts and allows isotopic labelling of complementary positions in drug molecules.doi: 10.1038/nature16464
Critical insolation–CO2 relation for diagnosing past and future glacial inception p.200
A critical functional relationship between boreal summer insolation and global carbon dioxide concentration is proposed and tested with simulations; it accounts for the beginning of the past eight glacial cycles and predicts that the next one is unusually far off, even without the effect of anthropogenic emissions.doi: 10.1038/nature16494
Plant functional traits have globally consistent effects on competition p.204
Data from millions of trees in thousands of locations are used to show that certain key traits affect competitive ability in predictable ways, and that there are trade-offs between traits that favour growth with and without competition.doi: 10.1038/nature16476
Earliest hominin occupation of Sulawesi, Indonesia p.208
New excavations in Sulawesi, where in situ stone artefacts associated with fossil remains of megafauna have been recovered from stratified deposits between 200,000 and 100,000 years ago, suggest that Sulawesi was host to a long-established population of archaic hominins.doi: 10.1038/nature16448
Diet-induced extinctions in the gut microbiota compound over generations p.212
In mice on a low microbiota-accessible carbohydrate (MAC) diet, the diversity of the gut microbiota is depleted, and the effect is transferred and compounded over generations; this phenotype is only reversed after supplementation of the missing taxa via faecal microbiota transplantation, suggesting dietary intervention alone may by insufficient at managing diseases characterized by a dysbiotic microbiota.doi: 10.1038/nature16504
FOXO1 couples metabolic activity and growth state in the vascular endothelium p.216
The transcription factor FOXO1 is identified as a crucial checkpoint of vascular growth, coupling the metabolic and proliferative activities of endothelial cells.doi: 10.1038/nature16498
Tuft-cell-derived IL-25 regulates an intestinal ILC2–epithelial response circuit p.221
Epithelial tuft cells are shown to be the source of intestinal interleukin (IL)-25 that is required for activation of type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), ILC2-regulated tuft and goblet cell expansion, and control of parasite infection.doi: 10.1038/nature16161
Intestinal epithelial tuft cells initiate type 2 mucosal immunity to helminth parasites p.226
Epithelial tuft cells secretion of IL-25 is shown to regulate type 2 epithelial responses to helminth parasite infection via an IL-13/IL-4Rα-dependent feedback loop.doi: 10.1038/nature16527
Crystal structure of a DNA catalyst p.231
Both DNA and RNA molecules have been shown to exhibit catalytic activity, but only the structure of catalytic RNAs has previously been determined; here the structure of an RNA-ligating DNA in the post-catalytic state is solved.doi: 10.1038/nature16471
Structures of two distinct conformations of holo-non-ribosomal peptide synthetases p.235
X-ray crystal structures of two distinct steps in the catalytic cycle of non-ribosomal peptide synthetases are described, offering the potential to generate novel products through engineering enzyme activity.doi: 10.1038/nature16163
Synthetic cycle of the initiation module of a formylating nonribosomal peptide synthetase p.239
X-ray crystal structures are presented of each major step of the assembly-line synthesis by the initiation module of the nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) LgrA; the structures reveal large conformational changes, demonstrating a requirement for NRPSs to be very dynamic.doi: 10.1038/nature16503
