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Volume 518 Issue 7537

Editorials

House of cards p.5

Western institutions must speak out against human-rights abuses in their partner countries.

doi: 10.1038/518005b

Redirection home p.5

Europe's researchers should grab every opportunity to ensure that funds redirected towards strategic investment will not miss science altogether.

doi: 10.1038/518005a

Road test p.6

Realizing the benefits of driverless cars will require governments to embrace the technology.

doi: 10.1038/518006a

News

News Features

No drivers required p.20

Automation is one of the hottest topics in transportation research and could yield completely driverless cars in less than a decade.

doi: 10.1038/518020a

The brain, interrupted p.24

Babies are increasingly surviving premature birth — but researchers are only beginning to understand the lasting consequences for their mental development.

doi: 10.1038/518024a

News & Views

How to minimalize antibodies p.38

The success of antibodies as pharmaceuticals has triggered interest in crafting much smaller mimics. A crucial step forward has been taken with the chemical synthesis of small molecules that recruit immune cells to attack cancer cells.

doi: 10.1038/518038a

The slippery base of a tectonic plate p.39

High-resolution imaging of the base of the Pacific plate as it descends beneath New Zealand discloses a 10-kilometre-thick channel that decouples the plate from underlying upper mantle. See Letter p.85

doi: 10.1038/518039a

Organelles under light control p.41

Optogenetic techniques enable light-activated control of protein–protein interactions in the cell. This approach has now been used to alter membrane dynamics and induce cellular reorganization. See Letter p.111

doi: 10.1038/nature14086

Three-dimensional printed electronics p.42

Can three-dimensional printing enable the mass customization of electronic devices? A study that exploits this method to create light-emitting diodes based on 'quantum dots' provides a step towards this goal.

doi: 10.1038/518042a

Deep and complex ways to survive bleaching p.43

Mass coral bleaching events can drive reefs from being the domains of corals to becoming dominated by seaweed. But longitudinal data show that more than half of the reefs studied rebound to their former glory. See Letter p.94

doi: 10.1038/nature14196

Elusive source of sulfur unravelled p.45

The metabolic origin of the sulfur atom in the naturally occurring antibiotic lincomycin A has been obscure — until now. The biosynthetic steps involved reveal surprising roles for two sulfur-containing metabolites. See Letter p.115

doi: 10.1038/nature14197

Climate sensitivity in a warmer world p.46

Comparison of climate records from the Pliocene and Pleistocene geological epochs of the past five million years suggests that positive climate feedbacks are not strengthened during warm climate intervals. See Article p.49

doi: 10.1038/518046b

Articles

Plio-Pleistocene climate sensitivity evaluated using high-resolution CO2 records p.49

A new record of Pliocene carbon dioxide variations derived from boron isotopes shows that climate sensitivity (the change in global mean temperature in response to radiative forcing) during the Plio-Pleistocene does not vary when cycles in continental ice are taken into account; this suggests that current estimates can be used to predict future climate.

doi: 10.1038/nature14145

Letters

A seismic reflection image for the base of a tectonic plate p.85

A high-resolution image for the base of an oceanic plate that is subducting beneath North Island, New Zealand, reveals a channel, which is interpreted as a sheared zone of ponded partial melts or volatiles; this low-viscosity channel decouples the plate from mantle flow beneath, allowing plate tectonics to work.

doi: 10.1038/nature14146

Recoded organisms engineered to depend on synthetic amino acids p.89

Construction of a series of genomically recoded organisms whose growth is restricted by the expression of essential genes dependent on exogenously supplied synthetic amino acids introduces novel orthogonal barriers between these engineered organisms and the environment, thereby creating safer genetically modified organisms.

doi: 10.1038/nature14095

Predicting climate-driven regime shifts versus rebound potential in coral reefs p.94

An analysis of 21 coral reefs in the Indian Ocean using data across 17 years that spanned a major climatic disturbance reveals factors that predispose a coral reef to recovery or regime shift from hard corals to macroalgae; these results could foreshadow the likely outcomes of tropical coral reefs to the effects of climate change, informing management and adaptation plans.

doi: 10.1038/nature14140

Exome sequencing identifies rare LDLR and APOA5 alleles conferring risk for myocardial infarction p.102

Exome sequence analysis of nearly 10,000 people was carried out to identify alleles associated with early-onset myocardial infarction; mutations in low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) or apolipoprotein A-V (APOA5) were associated with disease risk, identifying the key roles of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins.

doi: 10.1038/nature13917

Optogenetic control of organelle transport and positioning p.111

An optogenetic strategy allowing light-mediated recruitment of distinct cytoskeletal motor proteins to specific organelles is established; this technique enabled rapid and reversible activation or inhibition of the transport of organelles such as peroxisomes, recycling endosomes and mitochondria with high spatiotemporal accuracy, and the approach was also applied to primary neurons to demonstrate optical control of axonal growth by recycling endosome repositioning.

doi: 10.1038/nature14128