Call to action p.535
Time to ramp up science’s contribution to controlling the Ebola outbreak.doi: 10.1038/514535b
Volume 514 Issue 7524
리서치 하이라이트
표지 기사： 학술 인용 지수 SCI의 중요성 및 가치
초기 포유류의 진화적 다양성에 보여주는 3종의 쥐라기 하라미드 화석
줄기세포-내피세포 전이(MEndoT)를 통한 심장의 재관류 작용
뉴클레오솜과 결합된 PRC1 유비쿼틴화 모듈의 결정 구조 분석
젊은 저질량 다중 은하계 시스템인 GGTauA에서의 행성 생성 가능성
지그재그 형태의 가장자리를 가진 좁은 그래핀 나노리본 상에서 구현한 상온 자기적 배열
지난 탈 빙하기 시기에 발생한 전세계 탄소 순환에서의 수 백년 단위 변화
췌장 선암종에서 발암 유전자 제거 후 생성된 내성과 밀접한 연관을 가진 미토콘드리아 기능
장내 상피 조직에서의 신속한 푸우코스 합성과 숙주-미생물 공생체 간 상호 작용 간의 연관성
유인원 HIV 감염에 대한 보호 작용을 강화시킨 돌연변이 VRC01 항체
컨텐츠
Editorials
Pillars of reform p.535
The Chinese government’s planned overhaul of its core research-funding system is vital if the country is to achieve its potential on the global scientific stage.doi: 10.1038/514535a
Code share p.536
Papers in Nature journals should make computer code accessible where possible.doi: 10.1038/514536a
News
Icelandic volcano stuns scientists p.543
Sulphur-rich eruption defies preparations for an ashy blast.doi: 10.1038/514543a
‘Forgotten’ NIH smallpox virus languishes on death row p.544
World Health Organization lacks resources to witness destruction of stocks.doi: 10.1038/514544a
Coastal havoc boosts jellies p.545
Five-year Chinese study suggests that human activity made gelatinous outbreaks worse.doi: 10.1038/514545a
Pet dogs set to test anti-ageing drug p.546
Trials would study extension of lifespan in domestic setting.doi: 10.1038/514546a
China opens translational medicine centre in Shanghai p.547
First of five linked institutes aims to capitalize on basic-research investments.doi: 10.1038/514547a
Geneticists tap human knockouts p.548
Sequenced genomes reveal mutations that disable single genes and can point to new drugs.doi: 10.1038/514548a
News Features
The top 100 papers p.550
Nature explores the most-cited research of all time. Richard Van Noorden, Brendan Maher & Regina Nuzzodoi: 10.1038/514550a
The Ebola questions p.554
Scientists know a lot about the virus that causes Ebola — but there are many puzzles that they have yet to solve.doi: 10.1038/514554a
News & Views
Ghost locus appears p.570
The sequences of two sponge genomes provide evidence that the ParaHox developmental genes are older than previously thought. This has implications for animal taxonomy and for developmental and evolutionary biology. See Letter p.620doi: 10.1038/514570a
Secret ingredient exposed p.571
Astronomers have suspected for some time that magnetic fields are a key ingredient in the accretion of material that surrounds young stars. New observations have just begun to reveal these fields in action. See Letter p.597doi: 10.1038/nature13932
Enzyme–chromatin complex visualized p.572
The structure of an enzyme that is bound to a nucleosome — a protein complex around which DNA is wrapped — reveals how contacts between the two orient the enzyme so that it can modify a specific amino-acid residue. See Article p.591doi: 10.1038/514572a
Radicals promote magnetic gel assembly p.574
Engineering complex tissues requires high-throughput, three-dimensional patterning of materials and cells. A method to assemble small gel components using magnetic forces from encapsulated free radicals could be just the ticket.doi: 10.1038/514574a
Cell plasticity helps hearts to repair p.575
Fibroblast cells are known as key players in the repair of damaged heart structures. New findings show that injury also induces fibroblasts to become endothelial cells, helping to mend damaged blood vessels. See Article p.585doi: 10.1038/nature13928
Starve a fever, feed the microbiota p.576
A study finds that the cells lining the gut are modified in response to systemic infection, increasing the host's tolerance to infection in a manner that is dependent on the microorganisms that inhabit the gut. See Letter p.638doi: 10.1038/nature13756
Articles
Three new Jurassic euharamiyidan species reinforce early divergence of mammals p.579
Three new euharamiyidan species from the Jurassic period of China are described, cementing the alliance with multituberculates and showing that the initial divergence between groups of extant mammals—monotremes on the one side, marsupials and placentals on the other—goes back to the Triassic period.doi: 10.1038/nature13718
Mesenchymal–endothelial transition contributes to cardiac neovascularization p.585
This study shows that cardiac injury induces cardiac fibroblasts to undergo mesenchymal–endothelial transition and acquire an endothelial-cell like fate, a process mediated, in part, by a p53-dependent mechanism — use of a small molecule activator of p53 increases mesenchymal–endothelial transition, leading to reduced scarring and better preservation of heart function.doi: 10.1038/nature13839
Crystal structure of the PRC1 ubiquitylation module bound to the nucleosome p.591
The crystal structure of the PRC1 ubiquitylation module bound to its nucleosome core substrate is determined, revealing how a histone-modifying enzyme achieves substrate specificity by recognizing nucleosome surfaces distinct from the site of catalysis, and uncovering a unique role for the ubiquitin E2 enzyme in substrate recognition.doi: 10.1038/nature13890
Letters
Spatially resolved magnetic field structure in the disk of a T Tauri star p.597
Measurements of polarized 1.25-mm continuum emission from the accretion disk of the T Tauri star HL Tau show that the magnetic field inside the disk cannot be dominated by a vertical component, and that a purely toroidal field also does not fit the data; this suggests that the role of the magnetic field in the accretion of a T Tauri star is more complex than the current theoretical understanding.doi: 10.1038/nature13850
Possible planet formation in the young, low-mass, multiple stellar system GG Tau A p.600
Investigation of the triple stellar system GG Tau A reveals gas fragments within the central cavity between the Keplerian outer ring orbiting the entire system and the stars themselves; gas flow from this outer ring appears capable of sustaining the inner disk surrounding component star GG Tau Aa beyond the accretion lifetime, leaving time for planet formation to occur.doi: 10.1038/nature13822
Quantum tomography of an electron p.603
Quantum tomography of individual electrons, which in principle yields complete knowledge of their quantum states, is demonstrated by initially preparing them in a well-controlled quantum state called a leviton.doi: 10.1038/nature13821
Room-temperature magnetic order on zigzag edges of narrow graphene nanoribbons p.608
In graphene nanoribbons of ‘zigzag’ edge orientation, the edges host unpaired electron spins that couple to generate long-range magnetic order (switching from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic inter-edge configuration as the ribbon width increases) under ambient conditions, enhancing the prospects for graphene-based spintronic devices.doi: 10.1038/nature13831
Stochastic transport through carbon nanotubes in lipid bilayers and live cell membranes p.612
Short carbon nanotubes spontaneously insert into lipid bilayers and live cell membranes to form channels with useful and tunable transport properties that make them a promising biomimetic nanopore platform for developing cell interfaces, studying nanofluidic transport in biological channels, and creating stochastic sensors.doi: 10.1038/nature13817
Centennial-scale changes in the global carbon cycle during the last deglaciation p.616
Carbon dioxide and methane records from a West Antarctic ice core show that although gradual variations in the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide during the last glacial termination are linked to changes in Antarctic temperature, the concentration underwent three abrupt, centennial-scale changes related to sudden climate changes in the Northern Hemisphere.doi: 10.1038/nature13799
Calcisponges have a ParaHox gene and dynamic expression of dispersed NK homeobox genes p.620
A study of the genomes of calcisponges shows that they contain at least one ParaHox gene, adding weight to the ‘ghost locus’ hypothesis that Hox and ParaHox genes were present in the earliest animal ancestor, but subsequently lost in some sponge lineages.doi: 10.1038/nature13881
Non-equivalent contributions of maternal and paternal genomes to early plant embryogenesis p.624
A functional assessment of paternal gene activation in Arabidopsis confirms that paternal genome activation does not occur in one early discrete step, shows that maternal and paternal genomes do not make equivalent contributions to early plant embryogenesis, and uncovers an unexpectedly large effect of hybrid genetic background on paternal gene activity.doi: 10.1038/nature13620
Oncogene ablation-resistant pancreatic cancer cells depend on mitochondrial function p.628
KRAS mutations are a driver event of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; here, a subpopulation of dormant tumour cells, relying on oxidative phosphorylation for survival, is shown to be responsible for tumour relapse after treatment targeting the KRAS pathway.doi: 10.1038/nature13611
Conditional tolerance of temperate phages via transcription-dependent CRISPR-Cas targeting p.633
The Staphylococcus epidermis CRISPR-Cas system can prevent lytic infection but tolerate lysogenization by temperate phage through a transcription-dependent DNA targeting mechanism.doi: 10.1038/nature13637
Rapid fucosylation of intestinal epithelium sustains host–commensal symbiosis in sickness p.638
Systemic exposure to Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands during sickness is shown to induce fucosylation of the small intestine in mice; some of the fucose is shed into the intestinal lumen, where it provides nourishment for the microbiota.doi: 10.1038/nature13823
Enhanced neonatal Fc receptor function improves protection against primate SHIV infection p.642
A mutation in VRC01, a broadly neutralizing, HIV-1-specific antibody, confers enhanced binding to the neonatal Fc receptor, increasing the antibody half-life in the serum and localization in mucosal tissues, where it provides superior protection against rectal simian HIV-1 infection in macaques.doi: 10.1038/nature13612
Synergistic blockade of mitotic exit by two chemical inhibitors of the APC/C p.646
Simultaneous disruption of two different protein–protein interactions within the (APC/C–Cdc20)–substrate complex can synergistically inhibit APC/C-dependent proteolysis and mitotic exit.doi: 10.1038/nature13660
Transcriptional interference by antisense RNA is required for circadian clock function p.650
The transcriptions of frq sense and antisense RNAs are mutually inhibitory and form a double negative feedback loop required for robust and sustained circadian rhythmicity: antisense transcription inhibits sense expression by causing chromatin modifications and premature transcription termination.doi: 10.1038/nature13671
