: Microbiology Articles
Review: Translational control of localized mRNAs: restricting protein synthesis in space and timeAs highlighted by recent genome-wide analyses in diverse organisms and cell types, subcellular targeting of mRNAs has emerged as a major mechanism for cells to establish functionally distinct compartments and structures. For protein synthesis to be spatially restricted, translation of localizing mRNAs is silenced during Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, vol. 9 #12, pp971-980 |
Review: Transcription-coupled DNA repair: two decades of progress and surprisesExpressed genes are scanned by translocating RNA polymerases, which sensitively detect DNA damage and initiate transcription-coupled repair (TCR), a subpathway of nucleotide excision repair that removes lesions from the template DNA strands of actively transcribed genes. Human hereditary diseases that present a deficiency only in Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, vol. 9 #12, pp958-970 |
Perspective: The regulation of human embryo and stem-cell research in the United KingdomIn the United Kingdom, the derivation of human embryonic stem (ES) cells falls under the 1990 Human Fertilisation and Embryology (HFE) Act and subsequent amendments that were adopted in 2001. These laws do not regulate research with ES cells, which follows specific national guidelines. Owing Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, vol. 9 #12, pp998-1003 |
Perspective: Autophagic cell death: the story of a misnomerDying cells often display a large-scale accumulation of autophagosomes and hence adopt a morphology called autophagic cell death. In many cases, it is agreed that this autophagic cell death is cell death with autophagy rather than cell death by autophagy. Here, we evaluate the accumulating Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, vol. 9 #12, pp1004-1010 |
Review: Design principles of biochemical oscillatorsCellular rhythms are generated by complex interactions among genes, proteins and metabolites. They are used to control every aspect of cell physiology, from signalling, motility and development to growth, division and death. We consider specific examples of oscillatory processes and discuss four general requirements for Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, vol. 9 #12, pp981-991 |
Review: One step at a time: endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradationProtein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is monitored by ER quality control (ERQC) mechanisms. Proteins that pass ERQC criteria traffic to their final destinations through the secretory pathway, whereas non-native and unassembled subunits of multimeric proteins are degraded by the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, vol. 9 #12, pp944-957 |
Review: Fluorescent probes for super-resolution imaging in living cellsIn 1873, Ernst Abbe discovered that features closer than ∼200 nm cannot be resolved by lens-based light microscopy. In recent years, however, several new far-field super-resolution imaging techniques have broken this diffraction limit, producing, for example, video-rate movies of synaptic vesicles in living neurons with Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, vol. 9 #12, pp929-943 |
Perspective: Stem cells: US policies on human embryonic stem cellsThe United States is a federal union with separate state jurisdictions. In part owing to the sometimes heated debate about public support for human embryonic stem-cell (ESC) research, there has been restricted federal support and little central regulation of this research to date. Instead, guidelines Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, vol. 9 #12, pp993-997 |