Editorials
A string of cases at Chinese universities shows a system that is trying to address concerns and implement change, but still has some way to go.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05075-3
An unusual study that harnessed the public to test quantum physics offers a good example of collaborative academic review.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05073-5
Greater awareness must be matched with steps such as better training for supervisors.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05074-4
News
Can a competition with cash rewards improve techniques for tracking the Large Hadron Collider’s messy collisions?
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05084-2
Biologists argue that plan could endanger the bear population in the iconic ecosystem.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05061-9
The Wellcome Trust vows to pull grants if researchers or institutions do not abide by its new misconduct policy.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05071-7
Initial funding plans for the seven-year Horizon Europe science initiative get a lukewarm reception.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05105-0
Encouraging trial results spur interest from researchers and drug giants.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05104-1
NASA’s Cold Atom Laboratory will allow physicists to play with quantum phenomena like never before.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05111-2
News Features
As the United Nations prepares a historic treaty to protect the oceans, scientists highlight what’s needed for success.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05079-z
News & Views
Two bacterial Cas proteins cleave nucleic acids indiscriminately after binding to specific target sequences. This property has now been harnessed to create highly sensitive, portable diagnostic tools for detecting viruses at low cost.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-04975-8
Conventional models propose that activity levels in two neuronal pathways, which have opposing effects on movement, become imbalanced in Parkinson’s disease. Analyses in mice point to a more complex reality.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-02589-8
An isolated butterfly population that became dependent on a plant introduced to their habitat by cattle ranchers went extinct after the plant’s dominance decreased.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05068-2
The proton’s weak charge defines the strength of certain interactions between protons and other particles. A precise determination of this quantity provides a stringent test of the standard model of particle physics.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-05037-9
When presented with a threat, most mice freeze or hide, but a few respond more aggressively. The brain circuits underlying this behavioural choice have now been unpicked.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-04747-4
The telomerase enzyme performs a crucial role by maintaining protective caps of repetitive DNA sequences at the ends of chromosomes. A structure of human telomerase casts fresh light on its architecture.
doi: 10.1038/d41586-018-04756-3
Articles
In mouse models of Parkinson’s disease and dyskinesia, striatal spiny projection neurons of the direct and indirect pathways have abnormal, imbalanced levels of spontaneous and locomotor-related activity, with the two different disease states characterized by opposite abnormalities.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0090-6
Separate outputs of the ventral midline thalamus comprise neural circuits that determine avoidance-based or confrontational responses to visual threat.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0078-2
A cryo-electron microscopy structure of the substrate-bound human telomerase holoenzyme, which lengthens the protective caps on chromosomes.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0062-x
Crystal structures of the ABC transporter MsbA in complex with two selective small-molecule antagonists reveal an unprecedented allosteric mechanism of inhibition.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0083-5
Letters
Observations of electron-scale current sheets in Earth’s turbulent magnetosheath reveal electron reconnection without ion coupling, contrary to expectations from the standard model of magnetic reconnection.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0091-5
Measurement of the asymmetry in the parity-violating scattering of polarized electrons on protons gives the weak charge of the proton as 0.0719 ± 0.0045, in agreement with the standard model.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0096-0
The BIG Bell Test, which used an online video game with 100,000 participants worldwide to provide random bits to 13 quantum physics experiments, contradicts the Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen worldview of local realism.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0085-3
Tests on a versatile protonic ceramic fuel cell resistant to carbon deposition and sulfur poisoning show that its durability and the wide range of fuels it can accept make it suitable for use in industry in the near future.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0082-6
Frontal polymerization of dicyclopentadiene is used to generate thermoset polymers and composite materials with much lower energy requirements and cure times than are needed in conventional oven or autoclave curing approaches.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0054-x
A system that combines nanoscale synthesis and affinity ranking enables high-throughput screening of reaction conditions and bioactivity for a given protein target, accelerating the process of drug discovery.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0056-8
Stone tools and a disarticulated and butchered skeleton of Rhinoceros philippinensis, found in a securely dated stratigraphic context, indicate the presence of an unknown hominin population in the Philippines as early as 709 thousand years ago.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0072-8
Local extinction of the butterfly Euphydryas editha occurred after the population was caught in an eco-evolutionary trap set when the insects evolved unanimous preference for an exotic host, Plantago lanceolata, and sprung when that host became embedded in grasses after humans removed cattle.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0074-6
Subepithelial telocytes are identified as a source of Wnt signals that enable proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells, an essential function for maintenance of the intestinal epithelium.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0084-4
In a mouse model of a human cholestatic liver disease caused by impaired NOTCH signalling, hepatocytes transdifferentiate into cholangiocytes and form a therapeutically effective biliary system, driven by TGFβ signalling.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0075-5
The Spaid protein is identified and shown to be responsible for the male-killing effects of Spiroplasma poulsonii in Drosophila.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0086-2
By applying an optimized ATAC-seq protocol to human early embryos, distinct accessible chromatin landscapes are found before and after zygotic genome activation, revealing a marked epigenetic transition during zygotic genome activation and putative regulatory elements wiring human early development.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0080-8
Cryo-electron microscopy structures of two stoichiometries of heteromeric acetylcholine receptors in complex with nicotine reveal principles of subunit assembly and the structural basis of the distinctive biophysical and pharmacological properties of the different stoichiometries.
doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0081-7