Proposed US public-health chief is a champion for women and children p.137
In sharp contrast to President Trump, Brenda Fitzgerald has put maternal and child health at the heart of her policies.doi: 10.1038/547137b
Volume 547 Issue 7662
리서치 하이라이트
표지 기사： 알츠하이머 질환 유발에 관여하는 타우 단백질에 대한 냉동 전자 현미경 구조 분석
염증성 장 질환과 관련된 단일 염기 돌연변이 유전자위에 대한 정밀 맵핑
세포 외골격 단백질 아그린에 의한 생쥐 심장 재생 촉진
네거티브 질량 레퍼런스 프레임에서 움직임에 대한 양자 반동 활동 침투 측정
대기 중 수은 분자를 흡수하여 극지방 수은 오염을 유발하는 툰드라
숙주의 영양분 상태를 파악하여 증식을 조절하는 말라리아 기생충
면역원성 개인 맞춤형 항암 백신을 이용한 임상 시험 결과
Yap 단백질을 차단하여 심장 세포 증식 억제하는 디스트로핀-당단백질 복합체
컨텐츠
Editorials
Don’t pay prizes for published science p.137
China and other countries should look again at how they pay bonuses and allocate grants that are based on individual research papers.doi: 10.1038/547137a
Let’s talk about sex robots p.138
Interactions between humans and robots may eventually include sex.doi: 10.1038/547138a
News
White House’s dwindling science office leaves major research programmes in limbo p.145
Pared-back staff struggles to continue cybersecurity, climate-change and science-education efforts without direction from the Trump administration.doi: 10.1038/547145a
Why planetary scientists want better fake space dirt p.146
Artificial soils that mimic the surfaces of the Moon, Mars and asteroids are hard to make — and often miss the mark.doi: 10.1038/nature.2017.22228
Massive database of 182,000 leaves is helping predict plants' family trees p.147
The technique could be used on everything from flowers to cells to examine the factors that influence the shapes of plant parts.doi: 10.1038/nature.2017.22230
Tricks to mute quantum noise aid hunt for gravitational waves p.148
Physicists find ways to make LIGO and other gravitational-wave detectors even more sensitive.doi: 10.1038/547148a
Ancient-genome studies grapple with Africa’s past p.149
Clutch of DNA analyses show that ancient humans moved around on the continent far more than has been appreciated.doi: 10.1038/nature.2017.22272
News Features
How poverty affects the brain p.150
An unprecedented study in Bangladesh could reveal how malnutrition, poor sanitation and other challenges make their mark on child development.doi: 10.1038/547150a
News & Views
Sensing past the quantum limit p.164
Quantum physics ultimately constrains how well sensors of position, speed and acceleration can perform. A hybrid quantum system that avoids these constraints could give rise to improved sensor technologies. See Letter p.191doi: 10.1038/547164a
Precision T-cell therapy targets tumours p.165
The T cells of the immune system can destroy tumours, but their activation can be inefficient. Vaccines that exploit tumour mutations elicit robust T-cell responses to tumours, with potential clinical benefits. See Letters p.217 & p.222doi: 10.1038/nature23093
Arctic plants take up mercury vapour p.167
Trace elements are enriched in plants by natural processes, human activities or both. An analysis of mercury in Arctic tundra vegetation offers fresh insight into the uptake of trace metals from the atmosphere by plants. See Letter p.201doi: 10.1038/547167a
A liquid reservoir for silent chromatin p.168
The protein HP1 mediates compaction of DNA into a repressive structure called heterochromatin. Analysis reveals that HP1 has liquid-like properties, offering a fresh perspective on genome organization. See Letters p.236 & p.241doi: 10.1038/nature23089
Taming tangled tau p.170
The protein tau forms abnormal filamentous aggregates called tangles in the brains of people with neurodegeneration. Structures of two such filaments offer pathways to a deeper understanding of Alzheimer's disease. See Article p.185doi: 10.1038/nature23094
Bile ducts regenerated p.171
The development of a protocol for isolating and expanding the cell population that lines bile ducts has enabled the in vitro generation of bioengineered ducts. These can replace native bile ducts when transplanted into mice.doi: 10.1038/547171a
Articles
Fine-mapping inflammatory bowel disease loci to single-variant resolution p.173
Results of fine-mapping 94 inflammatory bowel disease loci using high-density genotyping in 67,852 individuals and several new fine-mapping methods.doi: 10.1038/nature22969
The extracellular matrix protein agrin promotes heart regeneration in mice p.179
The extracellular matrix protein agrin promotes cardiac regeneration in adult mice after myocardial infarction; it modulates cardiac differentiation and proliferation by interacting with the dystrophin–glycoprotein complex, Yap and ERK-mediated signalling.doi: 10.1038/nature22978
Cryo-EM structures of tau filaments from Alzheimer’s disease p.185
High-resolution structures of tau filaments shed light on the ultrastructure of neurofibrillary lesions in Alzheimer’s disease.doi: 10.1038/nature23002
Letters
Quantum back-action-evading measurement of motion in a negative mass reference frame p.191
By coupling a mechanical object to an ensemble of atomic spins with negative effective mass, the object’s position can be measured without the usual quantum back-action perturbation of its momentum.doi: 10.1038/nature22980
Catalytic allylic oxidation of internal alkenes to a multifunctional chiral building block p.196
Non-symmetric internal alkenes are selectively converted into allylic functionalized products with high stereoselectivity and regioselectivity.doi: 10.1038/nature22805
Tundra uptake of atmospheric elemental mercury drives Arctic mercury pollution p.201
A two-year study of mercury deposition in the Arctic finds that the main source of mercury is gaseous elemental mercury, which is deposited throughout the year and leads to very high soil mercury levels.doi: 10.1038/nature22997
The pyrite-type high-pressure form of FeOOH p.205
The pyrite-type high-pressure form of FeOOH is predicted from first principles, and found experimentally to be stable under the conditions at the base of the mantle, with implications for transport of water within Earth’s deep interior.doi: 10.1038/nature22823
Pre-oral gut contributes to facial structures in non-teleost fishes p.209
In contrast to the prevailing belief that the gut begins with the mouth and continues backwards from there, this work shows that substantial areas of the faces of ray-finned fishes originate from the pre-oral gut or endoderm.doi: 10.1038/nature23008
Nutrient sensing modulates malaria parasite virulence p.213
Malaria parasites use a sensing mechanism to moderate their growth in response to the nutrient content of their host.doi: 10.1038/nature23009
An immunogenic personal neoantigen vaccine for patients with melanoma p.217
The results of a phase I trial assessing a personal neoantigen multi-peptide vaccine in patients with melanoma, showing feasibility, safety, and immunogenicity.doi: 10.1038/nature22991
Personalized RNA mutanome vaccines mobilize poly-specific therapeutic immunity against cancer p.222
The authors report the first-in-human application of personalized neo-antigen RNA vaccines in patients with melanoma.doi: 10.1038/nature23003
Dystrophin–glycoprotein complex sequesters Yap to inhibit cardiomyocyte proliferation p.227
After injury in the heart, postnatal mouse hearts deficient in the Hippo pathway show efficient repair, and in the hearts of Mdx mice (a model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy) Hippo deficiency protects against overload-induced heart failure.doi: 10.1038/nature22979
Allelic reprogramming of 3D chromatin architecture during early mammalian development p.232
A low-input Hi-C method is used to show that chromatin organization is markedly relaxed in pre-implantation mouse embryos after fertilization and that the subsequent maturation of 3D chromatin architecture is surprisingly slow.doi: 10.1038/nature23263
Liquid droplet formation by HP1α suggests a role for phase separation in heterochromatin p.236
Gene silencing by heterochromatin is proposed to occur in part as a result of the ability of heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) proteins to spread across large regions of the genome, compact the underlying chromatin and recruit diverse ligands
doi: 10.1038/nature22822
Phase separation drives heterochromatin domain formation p.241
HP1a can nucleate into foci that display liquid properties during the early stages of heterochromatin domain formation in Drosophila embryos, suggesting that the repressive action of heterochromatin may be mediated in part by emergent properties of phase separation.doi: 10.1038/nature22989
