Volume 537 Issue 7621

Editorials

p.449

To avoid bias and improve transparency, algorithm designers must make data sources and profiles public.

doi: 10.1038/537449a

p.450

Current trends indicate that research is starting to become a preserve of the privileged.

doi: 10.1038/537450a

p.450

Reform to 2007 law brings visibility to negative trial results.

doi: 10.1038/537450b

News

p.457

After decades of rocky relations, they are working together to trace indigenous communities’ ancestry.

doi: 10.1038/537457a

p.458

Next-generation space-weather model will map the danger facing power grids.

doi: 10.1038/537458a

p.459

First results from Gaia probe also seem to solve old controversy over Pleiades cluster.

doi: 10.1038/nature.2016.20591

p.460

Accusations of impropriety feature in escalating dispute.

doi: 10.1038/537460a

p.462

Two-thousand-year-old bones could yield first DNA from an ancient shipwreck victim.

doi: 10.1038/537462a

News Features

p.465

A special issue explores the study of inequality, and how socio-economic divides affect the science workforce.

doi: 10.1038/537465a

p.466

Around the world, poverty and social background remain huge barriers in scientific careers.

doi: 10.1038/537466a

p.471

Wages for top scientists are shooting skywards while others are being left behind.

doi: 10.1038/537471a

News & Views

p.492

A technical feat achieved by two independent groups has enabled resolution of the molecular structure of a form of the amyloid-β protein that is thought to play a major part in Alzheimer's disease.

doi: 10.1038/nature19470

p.493

A simple technique has been developed that produces holograms made of sound waves. These acoustic landscapes are used to manipulate microscale objects, and offer great potential in medical imaging and selective heating. See Letter p.518

doi: 10.1038/537493a

p.494

Four studies detail changes in how DNA is wrapped around histone proteins and in molecular modifications to histones that occur after fertilization. The results shed light on the early regulation of gene expression. See Letters p.548, p.553 & p.558

doi: 10.1038/nature19468

p.496

The origin of hot Jupiters, large gaseous planets in close orbits around stars, is unknown. Observations suggest that such planets are abundant in stellar clusters, and can result from encounters with other celestial bodies.

doi: 10.1038/nature19430

p.497

Potassium released from dying tumour cells has now been found to suppress the activity of T cells of the immune system. Enhancing the removal of potassium from T cells restores their ability to attack cancer. See Letter p.539

doi: 10.1038/nature19467

p.499

Two 'failed' materials can perform much better when united. Such a combination exhibits magnetization and electric polarization up to room temperature, providing a basis for new magnetoelectric devices. See Letter p.523

doi: 10.1038/537499a

p.500

When did life first arise on Earth? Analysis of ancient rocks in Greenland that contain structures interpreted as bacterial in origin suggest that Earth might have been an abode for life much earlier than previously thought. See Letter p.535

doi: 10.1038/nature19429

Articles

p.503

Careful study of the famous fossil ‘Lucy’, a hominin who died over 3 million years ago, suggests that she died as a result of multiple injuries sustained in a fall–probably out of a tall tree.

doi: 10.1038/nature19332

p.508

Identification and characterization, using a comprehensive embryonic phenotyping pipeline, of 410 lethal alleles during the generation of the first 1,751 of 5,000 unique gene knockouts produced by the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium.

doi: 10.1038/nature19356

Letters

p.515

Gravity and shape measurements for Ceres obtained from the Dawn spacecraft mission show that it is in hydrostatic equilibrium with its inferred normalized mean moment of inertia of 0.37, suggesting that Ceres has a rocky chondritic core overlaid by a volatile-rich icy shell.

doi: 10.1038/nature18955

p.518

Holograms for sound waves, encoded in a 3D printed plate, are used to shape sound fields that can be used for the contactless manipulation of objects.

doi: 10.1038/nature19755

p.523

A single-phase multiferroic material is constructed, in which ferroelectricity and strong magnetic ordering are coupled near room temperature, enabling direct electric-field control of magnetism.

doi: 10.1038/nature19343

p.528

A new way of activating the electrodes in solid oxide cells involves applying an electrical potential to trigger the exsolution of metal catalysts to the electrode surface; the success of this technique raises the possibility of regenerating the electrodes during operation.

doi: 10.1038/nature19090

p.532

Field data from an iodine-rich, coastal environment point to the molecular steps involved in the formation of new aerosol particles from iodine vapours over coastal regions.

doi: 10.1038/nature19314

p.535

Stromatolite fossils formed around 3,700 million years ago in what is now Greenland predate the previous oldest fossil evidence for life on Earth by more than 200 million years.

doi: 10.1038/nature19355

p.539

Potassium ions released by necrotic cells in tumours impair T cell function by increasing the intracellular potassium concentration in vitro and in vivo.

doi: 10.1038/nature19364

p.544

Accumulation of fumarate resulting from mutations in fumarate hydratase,which are associated with renal and other cancers, is shown to induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition—a process associated with cancer initiation.

doi: 10.1038/nature19353

p.548

Three papers in this issue of Nature use highly sensitive ChIP–seq assays to describe the dynamic patterns of histone modifications during early mouse embryogenesis, showing that oocytes have a distinctive epigenome and providing insights into how the maternal gene expression program transitions to the zygotic program.

doi: 10.1038/nature19360

p.553

Three papers in this issue of Nature use highly sensitive ChIP–seq assays to describe the dynamic patterns of histone modifications during early mouse embryogenesis, showing that oocytes have a distinctive epigenome and providing insights into how the maternal gene expression program transitions to the zygotic program.

doi: 10.1038/nature19361

p.558

Three papers in this issue of Nature use highly sensitive ChIP–seq assays to describe the dynamic patterns of histone modifications during early mouse embryogenesis, showing that oocytes have a distinctive epigenome and providing insights into how the maternal gene expression program transitions to the zygotic program.

doi: 10.1038/nature19362

p.563

Algae rely on blue-light-sensitive phototropin to trigger induction of LHCRS3, allowing it to dissipate energy from excess light that would otherwise compromise the fitness of the organism.

doi: 10.1038/nature19358

p.567

The high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy structure of the kainate receptor GluK2 subtype in its desensitized state is reported, which reveals that desensitization is attained by establishing a ring-like structure in the ligand-binding domains.

doi: 10.1038/nature19352