More accountability for big-data algorithms p.449
To avoid bias and improve transparency, algorithm designers must make data sources and profiles public.doi: 10.1038/537449a
Volume 537 Issue 7621
리서치 하이라이트
표지 기사： 수입 불평등의 순환
Australopithecus afarensis인 루시의 사망원인 확인
고속대량 분석을 통한 발달 과정의 새로운 표현형 확인
세레스의 중력장 및 형태를 통해서 확인된 내부 구조
고체 산화 셀 내의 고성능 전극 제조
37억년 전 미생물 구조인 스트로마톨라이드 확인
종양 내 미세환경에서 비정상적으로 높은 칼륨 레벨에 의한 T세포 기능 억제 현상
상피-중간엽 변형을 유발하는 푸마르산염
난모세포로부터 모계 유전자 발현 프로그램이 접합체로 전달되는데 관여하는 히스톤 H3K4me3 도메인
컨텐츠
Editorials
US clampdown on clinical-trial reporting is long overdue p.450
Reform to 2007 law brings visibility to negative trial results.doi: 10.1038/537450b
Socio-economic inequality in science is on the rise p.450
Current trends indicate that research is starting to become a preserve of the privileged.doi: 10.1038/537450a
News
Geneticists attempt to heal rifts with Aboriginal communities p.457
After decades of rocky relations, they are working together to trace indigenous communities’ ancestry.doi: 10.1038/537457a
US sharpens surveillance of crippling solar storms p.458
Next-generation space-weather model will map the danger facing power grids.doi: 10.1038/537458a
Detailed map shows Milky Way is bigger than we thought p.459
First results from Gaia probe also seem to solve old controversy over Pleiades cluster.doi: 10.1038/nature.2016.20591
Titanic clash over CRISPR patents turns ugly p.460
Accusations of impropriety feature in escalating dispute.doi: 10.1038/537460a
Human skeleton found on famed Antikythera shipwreck p.462
Two-thousand-year-old bones could yield first DNA from an ancient shipwreck victim.doi: 10.1038/537462a
News Features
Science and inequality p.465
A special issue explores the study of inequality, and how socio-economic divides affect the science workforce.doi: 10.1038/537465a
Is science only for the rich? p.466
Around the world, poverty and social background remain huge barriers in scientific careers.doi: 10.1038/537466a
Science’s 1%: How income inequality is getting worse in research p.471
Wages for top scientists are shooting skywards while others are being left behind.doi: 10.1038/537471a
News & Views
Structure of aggregates revealed p.492
A technical feat achieved by two independent groups has enabled resolution of the molecular structure of a form of the amyloid-β protein that is thought to play a major part in Alzheimer's disease.doi: 10.1038/nature19470
Motion controlled by sound p.493
A simple technique has been developed that produces holograms made of sound waves. These acoustic landscapes are used to manipulate microscale objects, and offer great potential in medical imaging and selective heating. See Letter p.518doi: 10.1038/537493a
Panoramic views of the early epigenome p.494
Four studies detail changes in how DNA is wrapped around histone proteins and in molecular modifications to histones that occur after fertilization. The results shed light on the early regulation of gene expression. See Letters p.548, p.553 & p.558doi: 10.1038/nature19468
Migration of giants p.496
The origin of hot Jupiters, large gaseous planets in close orbits around stars, is unknown. Observations suggest that such planets are abundant in stellar clusters, and can result from encounters with other celestial bodies.doi: 10.1038/nature19430
Channelling potassium to fight cancer p.497
Potassium released from dying tumour cells has now been found to suppress the activity of T cells of the immune system. Enhancing the removal of potassium from T cells restores their ability to attack cancer. See Letter p.539doi: 10.1038/nature19467
Multitasking materials from atomic templates p.499
Two 'failed' materials can perform much better when united. Such a combination exhibits magnetization and electric polarization up to room temperature, providing a basis for new magnetoelectric devices. See Letter p.523doi: 10.1038/537499a
Evidence of life in Earth's oldest rocks p.500
When did life first arise on Earth? Analysis of ancient rocks in Greenland that contain structures interpreted as bacterial in origin suggest that Earth might have been an abode for life much earlier than previously thought. See Letter p.535doi: 10.1038/nature19429
Articles
Perimortem fractures in Lucy suggest mortality from fall out of tall tree p.503
Careful study of the famous fossil ‘Lucy’, a hominin who died over 3 million years ago, suggests that she died as a result of multiple injuries sustained in a fall–probably out of a tall tree.doi: 10.1038/nature19332
High-throughput discovery of novel developmental phenotypes p.508
Identification and characterization, using a comprehensive embryonic phenotyping pipeline, of 410 lethal alleles during the generation of the first 1,751 of 5,000 unique gene knockouts produced by the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium.doi: 10.1038/nature19356
Letters
A partially differentiated interior for (1) Ceres deduced from its gravity field and shape p.515
Gravity and shape measurements for Ceres obtained from the Dawn spacecraft mission show that it is in hydrostatic equilibrium with its inferred normalized mean moment of inertia of 0.37, suggesting that Ceres has a rocky chondritic core overlaid by a volatile-rich icy shell.doi: 10.1038/nature18955
Holograms for acoustics p.518
Holograms for sound waves, encoded in a 3D printed plate, are used to shape sound fields that can be used for the contactless manipulation of objects.doi: 10.1038/nature19755
Atomically engineered ferroic layers yield a room-temperature magnetoelectric multiferroic p.523
A single-phase multiferroic material is constructed, in which ferroelectricity and strong magnetic ordering are coupled near room temperature, enabling direct electric-field control of magnetism.doi: 10.1038/nature19343
Switching on electrocatalytic activity in solid oxide cells p.528
A new way of activating the electrodes in solid oxide cells involves applying an electrical potential to trigger the exsolution of metal catalysts to the electrode surface; the success of this technique raises the possibility of regenerating the electrodes during operation.doi: 10.1038/nature19090
Molecular-scale evidence of aerosol particle formation via sequential addition of HIO3 p.532
Field data from an iodine-rich, coastal environment point to the molecular steps involved in the formation of new aerosol particles from iodine vapours over coastal regions.doi: 10.1038/nature19314
Rapid emergence of life shown by discovery of 3,700-million-year-old microbial structures p.535
Stromatolite fossils formed around 3,700 million years ago in what is now Greenland predate the previous oldest fossil evidence for life on Earth by more than 200 million years.doi: 10.1038/nature19355
Ionic immune suppression within the tumour microenvironment limits T cell effector function p.539
Potassium ions released by necrotic cells in tumours impair T cell function by increasing the intracellular potassium concentration in vitro and in vivo.doi: 10.1038/nature19364
Fumarate is an epigenetic modifier that elicits epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition p.544
Accumulation of fumarate resulting from mutations in fumarate hydratase,which are associated with renal and other cancers, is shown to induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition—a process associated with cancer initiation.doi: 10.1038/nature19353
Broad histone H3K4me3 domains in mouse oocytes modulate maternal-to-zygotic transition p.548
Three papers in this issue of Nature use highly sensitive ChIP–seq assays to describe the dynamic patterns of histone modifications during early mouse embryogenesis, showing that oocytes have a distinctive epigenome and providing insights into how the maternal gene expression program transitions to the zygotic program.doi: 10.1038/nature19360
Allelic reprogramming of the histone modification H3K4me3 in early mammalian development p.553
Three papers in this issue of Nature use highly sensitive ChIP–seq assays to describe the dynamic patterns of histone modifications during early mouse embryogenesis, showing that oocytes have a distinctive epigenome and providing insights into how the maternal gene expression program transitions to the zygotic program.doi: 10.1038/nature19361
Distinct features of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 chromatin domains in pre-implantation embryos p.558
Three papers in this issue of Nature use highly sensitive ChIP–seq assays to describe the dynamic patterns of histone modifications during early mouse embryogenesis, showing that oocytes have a distinctive epigenome and providing insights into how the maternal gene expression program transitions to the zygotic program.doi: 10.1038/nature19362
A blue-light photoreceptor mediates the feedback regulation of photosynthesis p.563
Algae rely on blue-light-sensitive phototropin to trigger induction of LHCRS3, allowing it to dissipate energy from excess light that would otherwise compromise the fitness of the organism.doi: 10.1038/nature19358
Structural basis of kainate subtype glutamate receptor desensitization p.567
The high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy structure of the kainate receptor GluK2 subtype in its desensitized state is reported, which reveals that desensitization is attained by establishing a ring-like structure in the ligand-binding domains.doi: 10.1038/nature19352
