Go forth and replicate! p.373
To make replication studies more useful, researchers must make more of them, funders must encourage them and journals must publish them.doi: 10.1038/536373a
Volume 536 Issue 7617
리서치 하이라이트
표지 기사： 프록시마 알파 켄타우리 주변을 공전하고 있는 온대기후의 지구형 행성 후보
생각보다 이른 시기에 시작된 산업화에 의한 기후 온난화
고대 근동 지역에서 농업의 기원을 밝힐 수 있었던 지놈 분석
전세계 바이러스 존재에 대한 분석
스핀들 조립 체크포인트에 의한 APC/C 조절의 분자생물학적 기초
초전도 회로 내에서 오류 교정을 통한 양자 큐비트의 수명 연장
병리학적 결정 성장을 억제할 수 있는 메커니즘을 밝힌 분자 변형체
전체적으로 소프트 한 자동 로봇 디자인 및 제작 방법
생태계 다중 기능성을 유지하는데 필요한 다양한 영양 레벨에서의 생물다양성
컨텐츠
Editorial
News
Earth-sized planet around nearby star is astronomy dream come true p.381
Planet orbiting Proxima Centauri is likely to be the focus of future interstellar voyages.doi: 10.1038/nature.2016.20445
US personalized-medicine industry takes hit from Supreme Court p.382
Recent decisions seem to drive spike in patent rejections.doi: 10.1038/nature.2016.20436
China, Japan, CERN: Who will host the next LHC? p.383
Labs are vying to build ever-bigger colliders against a backdrop of uncertainty about how particle physicists will make the next big discoveries.doi: 10.1038/nature.2016.20453
Obama’s science legacy: betting big on biomedical science p.385
Ambitious bids to map the brain and cure cancer have not boosted overall research funding.doi: 10.1038/536385a
Obama’s science legacy: a space race stalls p.386
A crewed trip to Mars is still decades away.doi: 10.1038/536386a
Obama’s science legacy: uneven progress on scientific integrity p.386
US agencies have adopted stronger policies but have not always followed them.doi: 10.1038/536386b
Obama’s science legacy: climate (policy) hots up p.387
President sidesteps Congress to curb US greenhouse-gas emissions.doi: 10.1038/536387a
News Features
Busting the billion-dollar myth: how to slash the cost of drug development p.388
A non-profit organization is proving that new drugs don't have to cost a fortune. Can its model work more broadly?doi: 10.1038/536388a
News & Views
Generation soft p.400
Meet the octobot, the first robot to be made entirely from soft materials. Powered by a chemical reaction and controlled by a fluidic logic circuit, it heralds a generation of soft robots that might surpass conventional machines. See Letter p.451doi: 10.1038/536400a
Friendly neighbours feed tumour cells p.401
In pancreatic cancer, neighbouring non-cancerous cells degrade their own proteins through a process called autophagy and release amino acids that are then taken up and used by the cancer cells. See Letter p.479doi: 10.1038/nature19420
Signal locked in p.402
A plant receptor protein interacts in an unusual way with the hormone it binds. The receptor cleaves the hormone, a fragment of which then binds covalently to the receptor and triggers a major receptor shape change. See Letter p.469doi: 10.1038/nature19418
Fleeting glimpse of an elusive element p.404
A heroic effort to characterize the chemistry of actinium, a short-lived radioactive element, reveals surprising differences in behaviour compared with other elements in the actinide series.doi: 10.1038/536404a
Memories linked within a window of time p.405
In mice, two fear-associated memories that are created close in time are represented in the brain's amygdala by the activation of overlapping ensembles of neurons. As a result, eliminating the fear of one memory also extinguishes fear of the other.doi: 10.1038/536405a
Mitotic regulation comes into focus p.407
Structural studies provide insight into the mechanisms governing a checkpoint in cell division that prevents chromosomes from segregating before they are properly aligned on a structure called the mitotic spindle. See Article p.431doi: 10.1038/nature19423
Earth-like planet around Sun's neighbour p.408
An Earth-mass planet has been discovered in orbit around Proxima Centauri, the closest star to our Sun. The planet orbits at a distance from the star such that liquid water and potentially life could exist on its surface. See Letter p.437doi: 10.1038/536408a
Articles
Early onset of industrial-era warming across the oceans and continents p.411
Reconstructions of ocean and land temperatures since ad 1500 indicate that sustained, industrial-era warming of land areas in the Northern Hemisphere and tropical oceans began earlier than previously thought, around the mid-nineteenth century.doi: 10.1038/nature19082
Genomic insights into the origin of farming in the ancient Near East p.419
Analysis of DNA from ancient individuals of the Near East documents the extreme substructure among the populations which transitioned to farming, a structure that was maintained throughout the transition from hunter–gatherer to farmer but that broke down over the next five thousand years.doi: 10.1038/nature19310
Uncovering Earth’s virome p.425
An integrated computational approach that explores the viral content of more than 3,000 metagenomic samples collected globally highlights the existing global viral diversity, increases the known number of viral genes by an order of magnitude, and provides detailed insights into viral distribution across diverse ecosystems and into virus–host interactions.doi: 10.1038/nature19094
Molecular basis of APC/C regulation by the spindle assembly checkpoint p.431
A high-resolution structure of a complex between the anaphase-promoting complex (APC/C) and the mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC) reveals how MCC interacts with and represses APC/C by obstructing substrate recognition and suppressing E3 ligase activity.doi: 10.1038/nature19083
Letters
A terrestrial planet candidate in a temperate orbit around Proxima Centauri p.437
A small planet of at least 1.3 Earth masses is orbiting Proxima Centauri with a period of about 11.2 days, with the potential for liquid water on its surface.doi: 10.1038/nature19106
Extending the lifetime of a quantum bit with error correction in superconducting circuits p.441
A quantum-error-correction system is demonstrated in which natural errors due to energy loss are suppressed by encoding a logical state as a superposition of Schrödinger-cat states, which results in the system reaching the ‘break-even’ point, at which the lifetime of a qubit exceeds the lifetime of the constituents of the system.doi: 10.1038/nature18949
Molecular modifiers reveal a mechanism of pathological crystal growth inhibition p.446
Like citrate, the molecule hydroxycitrate is shown to inhibit growth of the crystal that is the principal component of kidney stones, suggesting that hydroxycitrate could be another treatment for kidney stone disease.doi: 10.1038/nature19062
An integrated design and fabrication strategy for entirely soft, autonomous robots p.451
An untethered, entirely soft robot is designed to operate autonomously by combining microfluidic logic and hydrogen peroxide as an on-board fuel supply.doi: 10.1038/nature19100
Biodiversity at multiple trophic levels is needed for ecosystem multifunctionality p.456
Both a high number of species and abundance in multiple trophic levels are required for ecosystems to continue to provide the services humans require of them.doi: 10.1038/nature19092
The TRPM2 ion channel is required for sensitivity to warmth p.460
The neuronal mechanism for the detection of non-painful warm stimuli has remained unclear; mammalian TRPM2 ion channel is shown to be required for warmth detection in the non-noxious range of 33–38 °C, and surprisingly to mediate responses to warmth in the autonomic nervous system.doi: 10.1038/nature19074
The prion protein is an agonistic ligand of the G protein-coupled receptor Adgrg6 p.464
The cellular prion protein PrPC promotes peripheral myelin homeostasis by acting on a G protein-coupled receptor to increase levels of cyclic AMP in Schwann cells.doi: 10.1038/nature19312
DWARF14 is a non-canonical hormone receptor for strigolactone p.469
Structural, biochemical, mass spectrometry and genetic analyses define Arabidopsis thaliana AtD14 as a non-canonical hormone receptor for strigolactone, which hydrolyses strigolactone into a covalently linked intermediate molecule and undergoes an open-to-closed state transition for interaction with D3 to trigger strigolactone signalling.doi: 10.1038/nature19073
Vaccine protection against Zika virus from Brazil p.474
The authors test several candidate vaccines for Zika virus in mouse models and show that single-shot DNA vaccines and inactivated virus vaccines provide complete protection against Zika virus isolates from Brazil and Puerto Rico.doi: 10.1038/nature18952
Pancreatic stellate cells support tumour metabolism through autophagic alanine secretion p.479
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells drive autophagy in tumour microenvironment-associated stellate cells, which release alanine that is used by the cancer cells as a carbon source for a variety of metabolic processes in an otherwise nutrient-poor environment.doi: 10.1038/nature19084
Diverse activation pathways in class A GPCRs converge near the G-protein-coupling region p.484
A highly conserved rearrangement of residue contacts functions as a common step in the activation pathways of diverse G-protein-coupled receptors.doi: 10.1038/nature19107
