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Volume 529 Issue 7586

Editorials

Blue future p.255

Coastal wetlands can have a crucial role in the fight against climate change.

doi: 10.1038/529255b

Harassment victims deserve better p.255

Sexual harassment is rife in science. Universities must stop trying to save face: they must discipline perpetrators and support victims.

doi: 10.1038/529255a

Repetitive flaws p.256

Strict guidelines to improve the reproducibility of experiments are a welcome move.

doi: 10.1038/529256a

News

News Features

When chickens go wild p.270

The feral chickens of Kauai provide a unique opportunity to study what happens when domesticated animals escape and evolve.

doi: 10.1038/529270a

Ecology’s $434,000,000 test p.274

The United States has invested in a grand ecological observatory, but the project has been dogged by budget overruns and delays.

doi: 10.1038/529274a

News & Views

A sisterly dispute p.286

Which phylum first branched off from the animal phylogenetic tree is a contested issue. A new analysis challenges the proposal that comb jellies are the sister group to all other animals, and emphasizes a 'sponges-first' view. Three evolutionary biologists weigh up the evidence.

doi: 10.1038/529286a

Another energy source for the geodynamo p.288

Magnesium is not usually considered to be a constituent of Earth's core, but its presence there has now been proposed to explain an ongoing enigma — the identity of the energy sources that drive our planet's magnetic field. See Letter p.387

doi: 10.1038/529288a

Bet on drug resistance p.289

Inhibitors of the BET bromodomain proteins are promising cancer therapeutics, but tumour cells are likely to become resistant to these drugs. Anticipated mechanisms of resistance have now been described. See Letter p.413

doi: 10.1038/nature16863

A global picture of melioidosis p.290

Comprehensive mapping and modelling have estimated global deaths from the bacterial disease melioidosis to be comparable to deaths from measles and substantially greater than those from dengue or leptospirosis.

doi: 10.1038/529290a

Lipid code for membrane recycling p.292

The sequential action of enzymes has been shown to modify members of a class of membrane lipid called phosphoinositides to direct integral membrane proteins for recycling. See Letter p.408

doi: 10.1038/nature16868

Biodiversity and productivity entwined p.293

A systems-level analysis of grasslands across the planet provides stimulating insight into the interlaced pathways that connect species diversity and biological productivity in ecological communities. See Letter p.390

doi: 10.1038/nature16867

Antimatter may matter p.294

The charge neutrality of the antimatter atom antihydrogen has been confirmed with unprecedented accuracy, paving the way for experiments that could simultaneously solve several of physics' biggest mysteries. See Letter p.373

doi: 10.1038/529294a

Articles

The functional diversity of retinal ganglion cells in the mouse p.345

Two-photon calcium imaging reveals that the mouse retina contains more than 30 functionally distinct retinal ganglion cells, including some that have not been described before, exceeding current estimates and suggesting that the functional diversity of retinal ganglion cells may be much larger than previously thought.

doi: 10.1038/nature16468

Divergent clonal selection dominates medulloblastoma at recurrence p.351

To address the question of whether a recurrent tumour is genetically similar to the tumour at diagnosis, the evolution of medulloblastoma has been studied in both an in vivo mouse model of clinical tumour therapy as well as in humans with recurrent disease; targeted tumour therapies are usually based on targets present in the tumour at diagnosis but the results from this study indicate that post-treatment recurring tumours (compared with the tumour at diagnosis) have undergone substantial clonal divergence of the initial dominant tumour clone.

doi: 10.1038/nature16478

Codon influence on protein expression in E. coli correlates with mRNA levels p.358

In-depth analyses of protein expression studies are used to derive a new codon-influence metric that correlates with global protein levels, mRNA levels and mRNA lifetimes in vivo, indicating tight coupling between translation efficiency and mRNA stability; genes redesigned based on these analyses consistently yield high protein expression levels both in vivo and in vitro.

doi: 10.1038/nature16509

Letters

A lithium–oxygen battery based on lithium superoxide p.377

Lithium–oxygen batteries allow oxygen to be reduced at the battery’s cathode when a current is drawn; in present-day batteries, this results in formation of Li2O2, but it is now shown that another high energy density material, namely LiO2, with better electronic conduction can be used instead as the discharge product, if the electrode is decorated with iridium nanoparticles.

doi: 10.1038/nature16484

Powering Earth’s dynamo with magnesium precipitation from the core p.387

The thermal conductivity of iron is now known to be much larger than had been thought, implying that thermal convection and radiogenic heating would not have been enough to sustain the Earth’s geodynamo; here it is shown that the precipitation of magnesium-bearing minerals from the core could have served as the required power source.

doi: 10.1038/nature16495

Response and resistance to BET bromodomain inhibitors in triple-negative breast cancer p.413

BET inhibitors that target bromodomain chromatin readers such as BRD4 are being explored as potential therapeutics in cancer; here triple-negative breast cancer cell lines are shown to respond to BET inhibitors and resistance seems to be associated with transcriptional changes rather than drug efflux and mutations, opening potential avenues to improve clinical responses to BET inhibitors.

doi: 10.1038/nature16508