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Volume 522 Issue 7555

Editorials

Undue burdens p.127

Proposed controls on foreign operations in China are a threat to scientific collaboration.

doi: 10.1038/522127b

Sex and the law p.127

A report from South Africa on the science of human sexuality and its implications for policy-making brings African countries a step closer to confronting laws that criminalize homosexuality.

doi: 10.1038/522127a

Tough targets p.128

Concrete goals set out by the G7 nations lay the groundwork for a climate accord.

doi: 10.1038/522128a

News

News Features

News & Views

A master lock for deadly parasites p.158

An RNA-interference screen has identified the protein CD55, expressed on the surface of red blood cells, as an essential receptor for infection of the cells by the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum.

doi: 10.1038/522158a

Nuclear dilemma resolved p.159

After cell division, membranes become fused around the nucleus to encapsulate the cell's chromosomes. It emerges that this process is regulated by the ESCRT-III protein complex. See Letters p.231 & p.236

doi: 10.1038/nature14527

Bright future for hyperbolic chips p.160

The unusual properties of hyperbolic metamaterials, such as their ability to propagate light on the nanoscale without diffraction, have been realized in two-dimensional devices, heralding improved photonic circuits. See Letter p.192

doi: 10.1038/522160a

The micronucleus gets its big break p.162

Extensive chromosomal rearrangement – chromothripsis – is seen in several cancers. Imaging and sequencing of single cells shows that this phenomenon can occur inside cellular anomalies known as micronuclei. See Article p.179

doi: 10.1038/nature14528

Timing is everything during deglaciations p.163

Links between various climate records for the North Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea have helped to identify a potential mechanism that enhanced sea-level rise during the last interglacial time interval. See Letter p.197

doi: 10.1038/522163a

Ancient DNA steps into the language debate p.164

Two studies of ancient human DNA reveal expansions of Bronze Age populations that shed light on the long-running debate about the origins and spread of Indo-European languages. See Article p.167 & Letter p.207

doi: 10.1038/522164a

Articles

Population genomics of Bronze Age Eurasia p.167

An analysis of 101 ancient human genomes from the Bronze Age (3000–1000 ʙᴄ) reveals large-scale population migrations in Eurasia consistent with the spread of Indo-European languages; individuals frequently had light skin pigmentation but were not lactose tolerant.

doi: 10.1038/nature14507

Cloning and variation of ground state intestinal stem cells p.173

Novel technology to rapidly clone patient-specific, ‘ground state’ stem cells of columnar epithelia reveals their proliferative potential, remarkably precise and origin-dependent lineage commitment as well as genomic stability, despite extensive culturing, thereby skirting limitations associated with pluripotent stem cells.

doi: 10.1038/nature14484

Chromothripsis from DNA damage in micronuclei p.179

The mechanism for chromothripsis, “shattered” chromosomes that can be observed in cancer cells, is unknown; here, using live-cell imaging and single-cell sequencing, chromothripsis is shown to occur after a chromosome is isolated into a micronucleus, an abnormal nuclear structure.

doi: 10.1038/nature14493

Letters

Small-scale dynamo magnetism as the driver for heating the solar atmosphere p.188

A model of the heating of the quiet Sun, in which magnetic fields are generated by a subphotospheric fluid dynamo intrinsically connected to granulation, shows fields expanding into the chromosphere, where plasma is heated at the rate required to match observations by small-scale eruptions that release magnetic energy and drive sonic motions, while the corona is heated by the dissipation of Alfvén waves.

doi: 10.1038/nature14478

Visible-frequency hyperbolic metasurface p.192

Visible-frequency hyperbolic metasurfaces defined on single-crystal silver exhibit negative refraction and diffraction-free propagation, as well as strong, dispersion-dependent spin–orbit coupling for propagating surface plasmon polaritons, with device performance greatly exceeding those of previous bulk metamaterial demonstrations.

doi: 10.1038/nature14477

Bipolar seesaw control on last interglacial sea level p.197

A synthesis of new and existing data allows Heinrich Stadial 11 (HS11), a prominent Northern Hemisphere cold event, to be linked to the timing of peak sea-level rise during glacial termination T-II, whereas rapid sea-level rise in T-I is shown to clearly post-date Heinrich Stadial 1, so fundamentally different mechanisms seem to be at work during glacial terminations.

doi: 10.1038/nature14499

Massive migration from the steppe was a source for Indo-European languages in Europe p.207

A genome-wide analysis of 69 ancient Europeans reveals the history of population migrations around the time that Indo-European languages arose in Europe, when there was a large migration into Europe from the Eurasian steppe in the east (providing a genetic ancestry still present in Europeans today); these findings support a ‘steppe origin’ hypothesis for how some Indo-European languages arose.

doi: 10.1038/nature14317

ESCRT-III controls nuclear envelope reformation p.236

The ESCRT-III complex is implicated in the reformation of the nuclear envelope; the CHMP2A component of ESCRT-III is directed to the forming nuclear envelope through classical ESCRT-assembly mechanisms, with the help of the p97 complex component UFD1, and provides an activity essential for nuclear envelope reformation.

doi: 10.1038/nature14503