The democracy carousel p.287
Europe's re-examination of stem-cell rules is a waste of time and money.doi: 10.1038/508287a
Volume 508 Issue 7496
리서치 하이라이트
표지 기사： 태양의 일식과 예술 간의 관계
알로스테리 생물학적 특성에 대한 앙상블
거울이성질체 선택적인 원거리 4가 스테레오센터
지놈 전체 유전자 발현 조절 이상을 유발하는 다운증후군 관련 도메인
정확한 운동 능력에 관여하는 뇌간 핵 MdV
번역 후 유전자 회로 커플링
세포 연결에 관여하는 조직 단위 하이드로다이나믹 플로우
선천성 면역에 관여하는 전구 세포
에볼라 바이러스에 대한 새로운 억제인자 BCX4430
미토콘드리아의 생존 및 유지에 관여하는 세라마이드 및 메발로네이트 대사 경로
트랜스포손의 전사 과정을 억제하는 역할을 하는 easiRNA
컨텐츠
Editorials
Cancer crossroads p.287
Efforts to understand cancer genomes should take on a fresh focus.doi: 10.1038/508287b
Practical nonsense p.288
Downgrading practical science will impede UK students in the global workplacedoi: 10.1038/508288a
News
Hepatitis C drugs not reaching poor p.295
Treatment guidelines for virus highlight challenge of paying for expensive drugs in low-income countries.doi: 10.1038/508295a
Sperm RNA carries marks of trauma p.296
Stress alters the expression of small RNAs in male mice and leads to depressive behaviours in later generations.doi: 10.1038/508296a
Panel homes in on sites for γ-ray detector p.297
Cherenkov Telescope Array will track high-energy photons to probe black holes, dark matter and relativity.doi: 10.1038/508297a
IPCC report under fire p.298
Critics attack panel’s lack of specific guidance on how countries should lower emissions.doi: 10.1038/508298a
Biologist defiant over stem-cell method p.299
Japanese author of controversial papers denies wrongdoing and stands by results as testing of her protocol begins.doi: 10.1038/508299a
Mini satellites prove their scientific power p.300
Proliferation of ‘CubeSats’ offers fresh and fast way to gather space data.doi: 10.1038/508300a
News Features
Blue energy p.302
After years in the doldrums, the quest to harvest energy from the oceans is gathering speed.doi: 10.1038/508302a
The plastics puzzle p.306
When toxicologists warned that the plastics ingredient BPA might be harmful, consumers clamoured for something new. But problems persist.doi: 10.1038/508306a
News & Views
Dating chimpanzees p.322
Genetic research has tracked lineages of male chimpanzees thousands of years into the past, opening the door to the study of long-term behavioural evolution in our close primate relatives.doi: 10.1038/508322a
Up and down in Down's syndrome p.323
A comparison of identical human twins, only one of whom has Down's syndrome, reveals a genome-wide flattening of gene-expression levels in the affected individual. See Article p.345doi: 10.1038/508323a
Catalysis marches on p.324
A fresh take on an established chemical reaction has solved a long-standing problem in organic synthesis: how to prepare single mirror-image isomers of groups known as isolated quaternary stereocentres. See Article p.340doi: 10.1038/nature13225
Biocircuits in synchrony p.326
Cellular biocircuit design has taken a major step forward. The circuit reuses the cell's own protein-degradation system to synchronize the expression of two synthetic modules throughout an entire bacterial population. See Letter p.387doi: 10.1038/nature13224
The ugly duckling p.327
Single crystals of tin selenide have been shown to display, along one crystallographic direction of their high-temperature state, the highest thermoelectric efficiency of any bulk material. See Letter p.373doi: 10.1038/508327a
The stressful influence of microbes p.328
An investigation into cellular stress responses reveals how cell compartments called mitochondria use information about the surrounding metabolites and microorganisms to protect themselves from damage. See Letter p.406doi: 10.1038/nature13220
Review
The ensemble nature of allostery p.331
Allostery is the process by which biological macromolecules transmit the effect of binding at one site to another, often distal, functional site, allowing for the regulation of activity; here facilitation of allostery through dynamic and intrinsically disordered proteins is discussed, and a framework to unify the description of allosteric mechanisms for different systems is proposed.doi: 10.1038/nature13001
Articles
Enantioselective construction of remote quaternary stereocentres p.340
A catalytic and enantioselective intermolecular Heck-type reaction of trisubstituted-alkenyl alcohols with aryl boronic acids provides direct access to quaternary stereocentres remote from a carbonyl group.doi: 10.1038/nature13231
Domains of genome-wide gene expression dysregulation in Down’s syndrome p.345
By studying the transcriptome of fetal cells of monozygotic twins discordant for trisomy 21, this paper finds that differential expression between the twins is organized in domains along all chromosomes; these gene expression dysregulation domains are conserved in the mouse model of Down’s syndrome and correlate with the lamina-associated domains and replication domains.doi: 10.1038/nature13200
Brainstem nucleus MdV mediates skilled forelimb motor tasks p.351
The authors use a combination of viral tracing and genetics to characterize the diversity of neurons projecting from mouse brainstem to motor neurons that control limb movements; in particular they discover that the medullary reticular formation ventral part (MdV) is functionally specialized for skilled forelimb motor control.doi: 10.1038/nature13023
Skilled reaching relies on a V2a propriospinal internal copy circuit p.357
Cervical propriospinal neurons (PNs) form a genetically accessible subclass of V2a interneurons that convey both premotor output and precerebellar copy signals; their ablation in mice impairs reaching movements selectively, and activation of their internal copy projection recruits a rapid cerebellar feedback loop that modulates forelimb movement.doi: 10.1038/nature13021
Letters
Isotopic links between atmospheric chemistry and the deep sulphur cycle on Mars p.364
Isotopic analyses of 40 Martian meteorites indicate that assimilation of sulphur into Martian magmas was a common occurrence throughout much of the planet’s history and that the atmospheric imprint of photochemical processing preserved in Martian meteoritic sulphide and sulphate is distinct from that observed in terrestrial analogues.doi: 10.1038/nature13175
Coherent suppression of electromagnetic dissipation due to superconducting quasiparticles p.369
The long-predicted suppression of quasiparticle dissipation in a Josephson junction when the phase difference across the junction is π is inferred from a sharp maximum in the energy relaxation time of a superconducting artificial atom.doi: 10.1038/nature13017
Ultralow thermal conductivity and high thermoelectric figure of merit in SnSe crystals p.373
The main obstacle to improving the thermoelectric efficiency of a material arises from the common interdependence of electrical and thermal conductivity, whereas one ideally wants to raise the former while lowering the latter: a simple layered crystalline material — SnSe — is now reported that seems to have these qualities built in.doi: 10.1038/nature13184
Mid-latitude interhemispheric hydrologic seesaw over the past 550,000 years p.378
Tropical and subtropical speleothems show that the latitudinal migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone tends to produce increased precipitation in one hemisphere and drying in the other; now it is shown using speleothems from the Korean peninsula that this phenomenon extended to the mid-latitudes during the past 550,000 years.doi: 10.1038/nature13076
A new fossil species supports an early origin for toothed whale echolocation p.383
Phylogenetic analysis of a new species of fossil toothed whale, Cotylocara mace, from the Oligocene epoch places it in a basal clade of odontocetes, and its features suggest that rudimentary echolocation evolved in the early Oligocene and was followed by convergent evolution in their skulls.doi: 10.1038/nature13086
Rapid and tunable post-translational coupling of genetic circuits p.387
Protease competition is used to produce rapid and tunable coupling of genetic circuits, enabling a coupled clock network that can encode independent environmental cues into a single time series output, a form of frequency multiplexing in a genetic circuit context.doi: 10.1038/nature13238
Apical constriction drives tissue-scale hydrodynamic flow to mediate cell elongation p.392
The lengthening phase of ventral furrow formation in Drosophila gastrulation is driven by cytoplasmic flows triggered by apical constriction of mesoderm cells independent of the mechanical inputs from the basolateral membranes.doi: 10.1038/nature13070
A committed precursor to innate lymphoid cells p.397
A committed precursor to innate lymphoid cell lineages, but not classical natural killer and lymphoid tissue inducer cells, is derived from common lymphoid precursors and distinguished by high levels of expression of the transcription factor PLZF.doi: 10.1038/nature13047
Protection against filovirus diseases by a novel broad-spectrum nucleoside analogue BCX4430 p.402
A broad-spectrum antiviral small molecule is reported to act as an inhibitor of viral polymerase activity and is shown to be effective in protecting non-human primates from lethal filovirus infection when administered after exposure.doi: 10.1038/nature13027
Caenorhabditis elegans pathways that surveil and defend mitochondria p.406
A genome-wide RNA interference screen in Caenorhabditis elegans identifies 45 genes with roles in protective pathways following drug- and genetic-disruption-induced mitochondrial inhibition.doi: 10.1038/nature13204
miRNAs trigger widespread epigenetically activated siRNAs from transposons in Arabidopsis p.411
The generation of widespread epigenetically activated short interfering RNAs by the targeting of microRNAs to transposon transcripts in Arabidopsis thaliana is shown to be a latent mechanism that only becomes active when the transcripts are epigenetically reactivated, for example, during reprogramming of the germ line.doi: 10.1038/nature13069
Structural basis for translocation by AddAB helicase–nuclease and its arrest at χ sites p.416
In bacterial cells, processing of double-stranded DNA breaks for repair by homologous recombination is dependent upon the recombination hotspot sequence χ (Chi)
doi: 10.1038/nature13037
